| The discussion on the shortage of water resources is no longer a new topic and the restriction to the development of economy and society brought by this shortage has a long time since profound understanding. But facing such a shortage of resources, a problem that how can a reasonable and effective method, to the greatest extent possible, be used to ensure the economic development for the subsequent generation without compromising their needs, is indeed needed. Water is the basis of natural resources and one of the controlling factors of ecological environment. So it is necessary to ensure the eco-environmental water demand, also call for a correct understanding of eco-environment water demand so as to protect the ecology and guarantee the implementation of the strategy for sustainable development.Urban Eco-environmental water demand is a natural and economic attributes of the concept, which reflects the sustainability of ecosystems, but also reflects the ecosystem's ability to maintain social development. The number is dynamic, depending on the quantity of water resources, the development and utilization of quality and the depth, the sewage level of economic and social development, human civilization and social progress degree and so on.The main contents of this paper are shown as follows:Firstly, the Eco-environment problems of our country are briefly described, and the necessaries to research the Eco- environment water demand are pointed out. Based on reading a large number of documents, the research progress and achievement on the environmental water demand were summarized, the existing problems were also put forward.Secondly, this chapter discussed the theoretical system about Urban Eco- environment water demand. The theoretical foundation was analyzed from three aspects:ecology, hydrology and ecology city. Several conceptions and connotations related to water demand of ecological environment were discriminated and the characteristics of environmental water demand were put forward too. The classification system about environmental water demand was discussed from two parts. Thirdly, this chapter summarized and studied the calculation methods of the ecological and environmental water demand from four parts which are river, lake, wetland and urban green space. And it has formed comparatively complete and systemic methods to calculate the environmental water demand.Fourthly, an investigation on the eco-environment water demand of river and the urban green space in Kunming City, and a preliminary calculation and prediction for the eco-environment water demand were given combined with the concrete conditions of Kunming City, according to the foregoing ideas and methods. The water use for river and greenbelts are 2.54×108m3,0.039×108m3.Fifthly, according to the basic theory of water resources allocation, discussed on the water resources allocation for ecological environment water demand and proposed the relevant ideas and theory for determining water ecological benefit.Finally, the content and the application results of this paper were summarized comprehensively. The existing problem and some contents needed further research of this paper are concluded and prospected.Based on the summarized and analyzed present research of the ecological water demand home and abroad, this paper studied the theory and calculation method of the ecological water demand systematically. The calculation model of urban eco-environmental water demand was established and then calculated and predicted the river and greenbelt of the water demand in Kunming City, respectively, which has certain theoretical meaning to investigate the rational allocation of water resources on considering eco-environmental water demand. |
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