| Recent years, application of natural raw materials in the field of polymer has got a great attention. This paper studied natural raw materials glycidyl 3-pentadecenyl phenyl ether (GPPE) and Walnut shell powder (WS) used in Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) system. Amphiphilic modified glycidyl 3-pentadecenyl phenyl ether (MGS) was synthesised by reacting with maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St), and it was used as compatibilizer of silica and WS in SBR system. Anhydride groups and unsaturated long carbon chain in the structure of MGS can react with silanols of silica, hydroxyl of WS and SBR matrix, so that interfacial bond strength between fillers and SBR matrix was enhanced.Firstly, MGS was synthesized from GPPE, MAH and St in the presence of initiator AIBN. The structure of MGS was characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. The results showed that MAH and St have taken place at double bond in long carbon chain of GPPE. Heat resistance of MGS was increased by modification, and the initial decomposition temperature increased to 250 ℃ and the final residual amount of thermal decomposition was 7%.MGS was applied as a compatibilizer to prepare SBR/silica composites, and effects of MGS on processing properties, microstructure, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of SBR/silica composites were investigated. The results showed that MGS can reduce minimum torque (ML), maximum torque (MH), AM and Payne effect of SBR/silica compounds, and increase bound rubber content. The dispersion and processing performance of silica in SBR matrix were improved by introducing MGS. Addition of MGS increased mechanical properties and aging properties of SBR/silica composites. When the amount of MGS was 6 phr, SBR/silica composite got the optimal tensile strength and tear strength. The introduction of MGS increased wet skid resistance and tanδmax value, and broadened Tg peak of SBR/silica composite. The anhydride groups of MGS reacted with silanols of silica and participated in vulcanization during curing, which enhanced compatibility of silica and SBR matrix and increased reinforcement effect of silica.WS was used to fill SBR, and the friction coefficient on wet surface of SBR/WS composites increased 36.84%, so that WS can be used as anti-skid filler in SBR system. However, addition of WS reduced mechanical properties of the composites, and it was unfavor for application as tire products. Therefore, MGS was introduced to prepare SBR/WS composites. Meanwhile, the commercial compatibilizer 3-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (named KH550), KH550/MGS complex added into composites were also prepared for comparison purpose. The results showed that KH550/MGS complex prolonged the scorch time (t10) and optimum cure time (t90) of SBR/WS compounds, and increased bound rubber content of compounds, tensile strength and tear strength of composites. When the KH550/MGS complex ratio was 1:2, SBR/WS composite got the optimal mechanical property. The abrasion loss amount of composites decreased by adding compatibilizer, and composite with KH550/MGS complex got the minimal abrasion loss. The fracture surface of composite with KH550/MGS complex was rough. Interface between WS and SBR matrix was vague, which indicated interaction between MGS and KH550 eliminated excess effect of MGS or KH550, so that enhanced interfacial bonding between WS and SBR matrix. KH550/MGS complex provided an effective modifiying method for WS used as anti-skid filler. |
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