Drought Evaluation And Ecological Restoration Of Huln Lake Wetland

Under the effect of global warming and human activities, the drought frequency, drought severity and drought duration are enhanced, Drought events were in widely and frequently situation. One of the most obvious results is that climate change leads to the change of regional water cycle and runoff coefficient changes. Wetland As a perfect natural ecological capacity system, Wetlands are under increasingly severe drought.Hulun Lake wetland is located in Ministry of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in Northeast china, in recent years, For drying and warming climate and unreasonable useing of wetland water, Hulun lake wetland and the surrounding region appeared serious ecological crisis, declined water level, storage capacity dropped sharply, lake area contracted, and the wetland ecological environment is destroying. This paper takes the Hulun Lake wetland as the research object, according to the hydrological characteristics of Hulun Lake Wetland and river basin water circulation relationship, utilization the wetland water balance relationship, select the lowest ecological water level as drought indicator, establish wetland drought evaluation index, provide the basis for wetland protection and (?)tland drought evaluation of Hulun Lake. Overall, the results are as follows:(1) According to the water circulation system evolution characteristics of Hulun Lake wetland, analyzed the changes of meteorological conditions, runoff and underlying surface conditions respectively. In recent years, temperature raised, precipitation reduced and evaporation decreased, wetland runoff decreased year by year, land area, urban and residential land, unused land increased, woodland, grassland, water area reduced.(2) Based on the analysis of wetland runoff index, calculate the Stream flow drought index, Runs theory was used to analyze Stream flow Drought Index.drought in Hulun Lake basin occurs mainly in autumn and winter.; After entering 21 century, drought became frequency, drought intensity and drought duration became larger.Based on the water balance, analysis the rainfall, evaporation, water inflow and water outflow in wetland, establish a drought index of Hulun Lake wetland, and analyzed the sensitivity of ecological drought index of Hulun Lake, the results showed that the drought index can reflect the wetland history drought conditions.Based on the analysis of ecological base flow and sensitive ecological water requirement o, put forward the protection and restoration ecological measures: including engineering measures and non engineering measures. The main engineering measures include ecological water requirement of safeguard measures, environmental protection measures for water, rivers and lakes, aquatic habitat form repairing measures of protection and restoration measures. Non engineering measures include ecological compensation, ecological regulation, ecological monitoring and technical standards for construction supervision and management measures.