| Cinnamomum subavenium is an important perfume plant in China, and the main component of its essential oil is safrole, which has wide application prospect in food industry, pharmaceutical industry and cosmetics Industry. For high efficiency utilization of Cinnamomum subavenium resources, the extraction and chemical components analysis of Cinnamomum subavenium oil were carried out, and the isosafrole was synthesized from Cinnamomum subavenium oil. At the same time, the antimicrobial activities of 9 kinds of plant essential oil in vitro were studied for the development of natural antimicrobial agents, and the chemical components of 8 kinds of plant essential oils were identified by GC-MS. The results were showed as following aspects.(1) Extraction of Cinnamomum subavenium oilExtraction process of Cinnamomum subavenium oil extracted by SD, MASD and UMASD were optimized. The extraction yield of Cinnamomum subavenium oil for SD was 4.29% under optimization conditions of extraction time of 5 hours, liquid-solid ratio of 15:1 mL-g"1. The extraction yield of Cinnamomum subavenium oil for MASD was 4.43% under optimization conditions of microwave power of 100 W, liquid-solid ratio of 20:1 mL-g’1 and extraction time of 1.5 hours. The optimum conditions of UMASD were microwave power of 100W, liquid-solid ratio of 15:1 mL-g’1 and extraction time of 2 hours and extraction yield of Cinnamomum subavenium oil was 4.47%. The extraction time can be shortened by using MASD and UMASD.(2) Chemical components analysis of 7 kinds of plant essential oilsThe chemical components of 7 kinds of plant essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS).13 components were identified in Cinnamomum subavenium oil, and the content of safrole is 98.408%.20 components were identified in Cunninghamia lanceolata oil, and the content of main components including a-cedrene and β-cedrene is 84.421%.26 components were identified in Cupressus funebris oil, and the content of main components including thujopsene and a-cedrene is 61.836%.29 components were identified in Curcuma longal oil, and the content of main components, ar-turmerone, curlone, a-curcumene and P-sesquiphellandrene is 64.232%.27 components were identified in Litsea cubeba oil, and the content of citral (geranial and neral) is74.066%.31 components were identified in Rosmarinus officinalis oil (room temperature preservation), and the content of eudesmol, a-pinene and verbenol is 69.061%.30 components were identified in Rosmarinus officinalis oil (low temperature preservation), the content of main components including eudesmol, a-pinene and verbenol is 59.765%.14 components were identified in Illicium verum oil, the content of anisole is 87.789%.(3) Antimicrobial activity of 7 kinds of essential oilsThe antimicrobial activity in vitro of 7 kinds of plant essential oil against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus was determined by disc diffusion assay method. The results showed that citral, Litsea cubeba oil, Curcuma longa oil and Illicium verum oil possess favourable antimicrobial effects. The antimicrobial activities of plant essential oils were arranged by diameter of inhibition zone and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the order of antimicrobial activities of 9 kinds of plant essential oil is Citral> Litsea cubeba oil>Curcuma longa oil>Illicium verum oil>Cupressus funebris oil>Cunninghamia lanceolata oil>Rosmarinus officinalis oil (low temperature preservation)>Rosmarmus officinalis oil (room temperature preservation)>Cinnamomum subavenium oil.(4) Synthesis of isosafroleKOH/PEG used as catalysis, isosafrole was synthesized fom Cinnamomum subavenium oil. The optimum conditions were obtained by single factor experimental design and orthogonal experimental design as followings:WKOH:WPEG:Wsafrole= 6:9:100, reaction temperature 160℃, reaction time 2h, and the yield of isosafrole is 93.51%. The structure of isosafrole was confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. |
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