| All energy on the earth comes from solar energy. With the progress of the science and technology, the use of solar radiation is raised to the agenda at the same time human beings on earth existing resources relying on more and more serious, due to the development of the society. The problem of environmental pollution becomes more and more serious, and how to effectively utilize solar energy to solve the energy problem and environmental pollution problem is a constant topic of scientific research.In the present work, there exist six parts. The first part is the introduction and mainly introduces some photocatalytic materials, light catalytic mechanism and application of electrostatic spinning of development and the development of the preparation of oxide by electrostatic spinning.The second part is the preparation of the ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured microbelts. ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured microbelts were synthesized by sol-gel combined with electrospinning process. The as-prepared microbelts show the well defined one-dimensional (1D) belt structures with 1-5μm in width and tens of millimeters in length. The polycrystalline microbelts calcined at 600℃ for 1h are still continuous and have the uniform rectangular cross sections and the thickness to width ratio is around 1:10. The crystalline phases of samples are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphology is examined using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured microbelts exhibit the excellent visible photocatalytic property in the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO), and over 94% of MO was degraded within.The third part is the preparation of the ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured nanotubes. ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured nanotubes with cubic In2O3 and hexagonal ZnO were successfully synthesized via the combination of electrospinning and calcination process. The as-prepared materials are investigated by using thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) techniques. In the process of calcination, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) plays a templated role in the formation of the nanotubes. The photocatalytic degradation tests reveal that ZnO/In2O3 heterostructured nanotubes exhibit the highly improved photocatalytic properties compared with the single-component ZnO and In2O3 materials.The forth part is the preparation of the CuO/In2O3 heterostructured nanobelts. CuO/In2O3 heterostructured nanobelts were fabricated by electrospinning of the sol consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), copper acetate, indium nitrate, deionized water and absolute ethanol. The heterostructured nanobelts were characterized by XRD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The width and thickness of the nanobelts were about 400 nm and dozens of nanometers, respectively. The photocatalytic activities were examined by degradating Methylene Blue (MB). Compared with the single CuO and In2O3 nanomaterials, the heterostructured nanobelts exhibited the enhanced photocatalytic activity under the simulated sunlight irradiation.In fifth part, three different fibers were fabricated by electrospinning process. The fibers were characterized by XPS, SEM, TEM or HRTEM techniques. It was found that the three different fibers have different diameters which ranged from 200 nm to 1μm. The process of calcination plays an important role in forming one dimension structure and the morphology of one dimension structure is related to the kinds of inorganic salt. The heterostructured nanofibers could be obtained more easily than the single fibers because the special thermodynamic properties of counterpart gel fiber.The sixth part is the preparing vanadate indium titanium dioxide heterostructured material by combining of two methods including the hydrothermal preparation of vanadate indium and electrospinning preparation of titanium dioxide. |
PDF Full Text Request