One–Dimensional Nanomaterials Obtained By Electrospinning And Their Electrochemical Applications

Compared with traditional nanomaterials, the one-dimensionalnanomaterials have better physical mechanical property and chemicalproperty. They have widespread application prospect in nanometer electronicdevice, solar cell, photochemical catalysis, biosensor, life science as well asmedicine an so on. The material performance is closely related with thesynthetic method. At present the mainly methods to synthesisone-dimensional nanomaterials consist of chemical vapor deposition, theliquid growth law, the template method. These method existence manydisadvantages such as higher synthesis condition, complex post-processing,irregular morphology. Therefore to develop new synthetical method andttechnology become the current hot spot of research. The high-voltageelectrospinning technology as one kind of simple and effective method tosynthesis one-dimensional nanomaterials receives the widespread attentions.The electrospinning technology not only effective overcomes the aboveshortcoming, and has obvious superiority such as lower production cost, vastproduction, large application field.In this dissertation, the electrospinning technology was used tosynthesis titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanofibers. Their structure andperformance were characterized. They were used to photocatalyticdegradation of organic pollution and to construct third-generation biosensor.The main works and innoviations can be summarized as follows:1. TiO2nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning technique and used as thetemplate to fabricate branched Ag-TiO2composite. The as-prepared Ag-TiO2composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopyanalysis techniques. The photocatalytic activities of as-prepared branchedAg-TiO2composite were measured with the degradation of active methyleneblue (MB). The results show that the as-prepared branched Ag-TiO2 composite exhibited higher photocatalytic activity in comparison with TiO2nanofibers and commercial TiO2P25. The branched Ag-TiO2composite notonly maintained huge surface area of TiO2nanofibers, moreover, becausemetal Ag compound has the wide band plasma absorption, causes its lightabsorption to visible light region. which is advantageous to the electric chargecurrent carrier production, moreover branched Ag is more advantageous to theTiO2compound materials interface charge transmission, cut the probability ofelectronic-hole recombination, obviously raised the light quantum efficiency,strengthens its photochemical catalysis performance.2. ZnO nanofibers weresynthesized by electrospinning. A novel composite enzyme electrode wasobtained based on ZnO nanofibers and chitosan. Hemoglobin (Hb) was chosenas model enzyme to investigate the electrode. The results reveals that thecomposite enzyme electrode had good biocompatibility owing to huge surfacearea of ZnO nanofibers. The biosensor based the composite material displayedexcellent performance to detect hydrogen peroxide. The prepared biosensordisplayed low detection limit, wide linear range, long-term stability.