Plant Fiber-reinforced Thermoplastic Resin Composite Materials Development

The plant fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite has some advantages such as high tenacity, environmental protection, easy handling about disuse, light weight, continual development and so on, and has been used in car and architecture industry in foreign countries, but in China less work has been done on this research. The task takes the raw bamboo fiber and flex with high mechanics property to make thermoplastic composite, so as to economize steel, wood and in stead of common engineering plastic, accelerate the development of civil use for composite, and plays important role in the protection of environment and resource.The task contains four parts: they are respectively the distilling of raw bamboo fiber, preparation and analysis of fiber, the making and testing of performing and composite together with the puzzling integrating judgment for the physical properties of the composites.The mechanics property of the bamboo fiber excels flex, for the making technology of raw bamboo fiber is not perfect both in and abroad, on the basis of the chemical unglued technology of flex, the task adopts optimum project to optimize the distilling technology of raw bamboo made by the blowing up technology, and the tensile strength reaches to 5.5cN/dtex, the proportion of the length to diameter reaches to 2000:1, the pliability is high and can be used by non-woven technology for the distilled fiber. The mechanical and thermal properties have been tested for the reinforced fiber and thermoplastic fiber, and confine that the thermal peak temperature of the raw bamboo fiber and flex are respectively 302.3 ℃ and 324℃;the approximate melting point of low melting point polyester and polypropylene fiber are respectively 165℃ and 168.94℃, the testing results can be the basis for confining the moulding temperature. The fiber admixture is opened and carded by the opening and carding machines to make perform, and in order to raise the uniformity of the reinforced fiber in fiber web, the times of carding are confined as four, and the density is 1200 g/m~2 for perform made by parallel web making technology, and the blend proportion is confined as 40:60, 50:50 and 60:40;the moulding technology is adopted to make composite, the moulding time and pressure are confined as 30minutes and 30MPa, the moulding temperature are respectively 165℃ and 190℃ according to the low melting point polymer resin and polypropylene resin;and by the analysis of the SEM pictures of the tensile broken section, conclude that the compatibility of interface between raw bamboo fiber and resin is more stronger.According to part of the results of the experiment, the puzzling integrating judgment has been adopted to assess and optimize the mechanical property of the composites, and assure the three most excellent composites, they are respectively the composite with 40/60 as blend proportion of the raw bamboo fiber to low melting point polyester resin, the composite with 25/25/50 as blend proportion of the raw bamboo fiber to flax, and to polypropylene resin,together with the composite with 50/50 as blend proportion of the raw bamboo fiber to polypropylene resin, for the three kind of composite, the tensile strength of horizontal and vertical orientation are all surpass 80 MPa, and the blending strength of horizontal and vertical orientation are all surpass 350 MPa. By the contrast and analysis, confine that the composite can be used in car and architecture areas.