Dongchuan Tangdan High Calcium And Magnesium Refractory Copper Oxide Ammonia Leaching Of Flotation Test Study And Elementary

The ore from Tangdan Copper Mine, Yunnan, China is characterized by low copper grade, complex mineral composition, fine mineral dissemination, high oxidation ratio and high locked-ratio of copper minerals, high content of alkaline gangues. The mineral processing of Tangdan refractory copper oxide ores is a worldwide difficult problem. Many domestic and foreign famous experts have done a lot of research about the refractory ores since 1950's, and they have had some important achievement. On the basis of the twenty-year's productive practice of the refractory copper oxide ores processing in Tangdan Copper Mine, combining the technology progress of mineral processing in recent years, a new method of "the atmospheric ammoniac leaching-extraction -residuce flotation" was used in this thesis. The study mostly included three parts:(1) The basic theory and experiment study of ammonia leaching of copper: the following important factors were researched in the experiment: ammonia concentration;leaching time;grinding degree;the ratio of liquid to solid;leaching temperature;activator. The optimum conditions were obtained. The results showed that: free copper oxide is mainly leached;locked copper oxide was hardly leached, at the same time, a little copper sulphide was leached.(2) The research of residue flotation: The reagent scheme to the flotation process target influence was inspected. Through experimental study and analysis, the optimum amount of various reagents was obtained.(3) Extraction- electrowinning technology on lixivium: The extractant of LIX84-1, produced by Henkel Co. Germany, was used to extract Cu²⁺. The effect of extraction concentration, extraction time, the ratio of organic phase to feed solution, stripping acidity, stripping time, the ratio of organic phase to sulfuric acid on extraction and stripping were studied. The optimum extraction and stripping conditions were to extract copper with LIX84-1(6%): contact time 1 min, O/A=1/1, stripping acid H₂SO₄ (160g/L), shaking time 5 min, O/A=1/1, extraction rate 99.80%, stripping rate 99.40%.The research is suitable for proceeding refractory copper oxide by ammonia leaching and copper sulfide by flotation, therefore, both copper oxide and copper sulfide isrecoveried efficiently, high temperature and high pressure is avoided in the experiment. The study is easy to realize the further industrial production. Present work provides a actually feasible approach to utilizing low grade copper resources effectively and avoids waste of ore resources and also provides the exploitation of a great quantity of low grade copper ore in China with a chance.