Study On The Anti-shrinkage Of Wool Fabric With Azotobacter Vinelandii Enzyme

Wool fabric is preferred by a large number of people due to its excellent properties. Because of the directional friction effect, the wool fabric shrinks in the process of washing. In traditional treatment, chlorine and its derivates are always used to enhance the anti-shrinkage ability, but bring great pollution. With the raise of environmental protection consciousness recently, environment friendly modification methods are requested, and the main emphasis of research has shifted to new bacteria. As a kind of catalyzer, enzyme with its merits and environmental protection has been paid great attention. In the industry, savinase and other proteases also have been applied in anti-shrinking process, but they must be combined with pre-treatment, which decreases the machinery properties of wool.Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme, fermented from a kind of microorganism from topsoil named Azotobacter vinelandii, was studied as a new kind of anti-shrinkage biochemical reagent in this article. Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme concludes nitrogenase and those enzymes haven't the ability of fix nitrogen. In this study, it is discovered as a biochemical catalyzer which is capable of bring down the shrinkage character of wool fiber, and the fiber's machinery character also keeps well.Through analyzing the cloudiness of Azotobacter vinelandii solution in different pH value, temperature and fermentative time, confirmed the suitable ferment condition. In the gas chromatography it shows that the Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme could reduce acetylene to ethylene. By the electrophoretic analysis of the enzyme, it revealed that the moculer weight of Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme were similar to nitrogenase; it is also mades up by two proteins. The experiment of testing activity revealed that the enzyme was capable of solving protein and olive oil.After the Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme treatment, the change of wool fabric 's properties, such as breaking strength, tearing strength, oleaginousness etc, have been analyzed in this research, and the felting shrinkage has been considered firstly. The results show that: on the condition of (2h, pH=7, 25℃, proportion of 20:1) .shrinkage was reduced to 4.87% of original sample, if pre-treat the fabric with peroxide, the area shrinkage could be brought down to 3.59%. The amplitude of breaking strength and tearing strength was 4.50% and 4.17% separately. Compare with the oleaginousness of un-treated fabric, the degrease proportion of it is 38.52%. When wool fibers were chose as substrate, the Azotobacter vinelandii enzyme shows better stability and prolongs the active half-life. So it is suit for the anti-shrinkage treatment. The results of Scan Electronic Microscope show that the squama has been hydrolyzed.