| With field observation data of geology , geomophology , hydrologic penthemeron, natural resources and land use of rocky desertification area in the QianNan area in Guizhou Province,this article analysed the causes of rocky desertification and put forward detail strategies for rocky desertification prevention and control, which are very important in improving survival conditions and the social economy development of QianNan.There is 20300km2 karst region in QianNan, which takes 77.5% of all land area. It has a typical fragile ecological environment, and rocky desertification is a serious problem in this area after the ecological environment was destroyed. Considering the current rocky desertification situation of QianNan, this article proposed three levels (four sub-levels) criteria of classification and basic characteristics of image. Analyzing the causes of rocky desertification shows that,both natural factor and anthropogenic factor play a important role in the process of rocky desertification.The development of rocky desertification led to deterioration of ecological and survival environment, increasing of natural disaster frequency and intensification of population poverty, which was the key factor that limited the local social and ecomic development. Rocky desertification control project is an inevitable choice for improving ecological environment, accelerating the country's economic development, adjusting industrial structure and promoting national economy and social sustainable development. The climatic condition and geographical environment of QianNan is good for vegetation restoration. The plant seeds in the soil also make natural vegetation restoration possible. The local residents had strong willing for roky desertification control and desired to be rich. This situation facillitated the roky desertification control.Based on the catchment unit, roky desertification control thought high of light and middle roky desertification levels, where the roky desertification control area is large and synthesis methods are used. Supported by technological measures, important project measures such as reforestation, enclosing the mountain for vegetation restoration and changing the slope land into terraces were carried out. At the same time, biological measures and soil erosion control measures were used. With these synthetic treatments introduced above, an effective synthetic system of roky desertification control in Karst area was established.However, because the huge area of roky desertification and great task of roky desertification control in Qiannan, it is not possible to finish roky desertification control in a short period. Roky desertification control plan included three periods from 2006 to 2050 year, the totla of which was 45 years. The period from 2006 to 2010 is the near period, the period from 2010 to 2030 is the middle period, and the period from 2030 to 2050 is the far period. Till 2050 year, 14072 km2 of roky and potential roky desertification area will be controlled.In the process of karst vegetation restoration, the natural factors and social economy differed quitely from each other area. So the distribution and grade of rocky desertification are different, by which roky desertification control area are quite differnet. According to river system, this article suggests four integrated control areas: Wujiang, Yuanjiang, Hongshui River, Duliujiang. Detail measures of roky desertification were put forward base on characteristics of these four areas.It benefits all the people to carry out roky desertification control project. The ecological benefit, economy benefit and social benefit are obvious. In the future, the area of roky desertification will be controlled, and harmness of roky desertification will be refrained radically. The forest coverage will be more than 56%. Biodivisity will increase and forest structure will be adujusted. The atomosphere environment, water resources will be full and water quality will be improved. Soil erosion will be controlled, soil fertility and productivity will be increased. Population -land contradiction will be resolved, industrial structure will be adjusted, financial income and the people's living standard will be increased. Urban-rural gap will be decreased and the aim of sustainble development with harmony ecology,economics and society will be reached. In the end, this article put forward safeguard measurements in the view of policy, law, science technology and management. |
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