Off In The Weihe River Habitat Nature Suitability Evaluation And Analysis Of Spatial Differences

Human settlements is the surface space which is closely related to human survival,and the main places where human existence use the nature and transform the nature.The quality of human settlements is good or bad,and its suitability,which is not only related to the human physical and mental health and the quality of life,also will affect the progress of human society and the level of civilization development.Along with the economical development,people's living standards enhance,the resident population's life contents and life styles are largely changed,which cause the concept of human settlements continually updated.Meanwhile,a series of social problems and enviromental issues which is urbanization and industrialization brought is made human set a higher request for the human settlements structure and function.There is no harmony with the natural and safe human settlements,there would be no harmonious development of society.Therefore carrying on the evaluation of human settlements suitability has a very important significance to protect the living space of human,improve the human living environment,use natural resources rational,ensure human socity and natural develop harmopniously and healthily and make great strides forward to sustainable development.At present,the study of human settlements largely focuses on the urban living enviroment evaluation of sustainable development,and rarely researches on the natural environment for human survival.In view of this,the article is based on the main factors of natural environment,collect DEM,remote sensing images as well as meteorological,hydrological data and so on,take the Guanzhong Weihe River basin as the research area,at last construct evaluation model and methods of human settlements suitability which based on elements of natural environment.Using four models such as relief degree of land surface,temperature and humidity index and wind effect index,water resources index,land cover index,the article respectively evaluate four natural factors' living environment suitability of terrain conditions,climatic conditions,hydrological conditions and land cover,and the final establish weighted model of Human Environment Index(HEI) to evaluate natural suitability of human settlements synthetically of Guanzhong Weihe River basin.In research techniques and methods,the article use RS and GIS to process,analyse and compute data,then take 1km×1km grid cells to caculate evaluation results of human settlements of Guanzhong Weihe River basin and analyse their space difference.Through the evaluation of natural suitability of human settlements of Guanzhong Weihe River basin,eventually come to the conclusion and understanding are as follows:(1)Relief degree of land surface of Guanzhong Weihe River basin is largely difference in space,the maximum value is 5.33,the minimun value is 0.32,it contains five grades that is not suitable,critical suitable,general suitable,moderately suitable and highly suitable.Land conditions are the state of critical suitable and general suitable,the vegetation coverage is from 20%to 60%that is belong to mediun or low grade.On the basis of temperature and humidity index,wind effect index and annual temperture,we can see that the climate comfortable time of research area is mostly 5 to 7 months,the annual average temperture is between 10 to 15 degree which is belong to general suitable area.Precipitation of research area is sufficient,ground average water resources is few.Water resources index is situated between 0.32 to 0.85 which hydrology condition has four grade such as critical suitable,general suitable,moderately suitable and highly suitable.(2)Using weighted model of Human Enviroment Index(HEI) to evaluate nature suitability of human settlement of Guanzhong Weihe River basin,we can see the results that:Human Enviroment Index of research area are mostly between the range of 0.4634 to 0.7617 which is belong to the state of general suitable and moderately suitable,and suits human living year-round.There is no highly suitable area in research area.Because of the impact of terrain conditions and land cover,there is a small part of research area where the suitable state is not suitable and critical suitable.(3)Various natural factors which affect the suitable state of human settlements are mutual influence and interaction.For example,the hypsography has decided the land utilization types and various meteorological factors changed,hydrological conditions and climatic conditions have determined the vegetation type and extent of coverage,the vegetation cover condition in turn affects water and gas distribution,etc.Various natural factors have mutual links and they do together use in living conditions which the humanity lice.This article's main characteristic and the innovation lies in the method which the appraisal uses.Using RS and GIS technology to extract,analyse and compute the DEM,remote sensing image data as well as meteorological,hydrological data,and then establishing corresponding mathematical evaluation models,the article evaluates exploratorily natural conditions of living environment suitability.But human settlements of the past research focuse on establishing index system from ecology and sustainable development perspective to evaluate suitability of human settlements.lts data come from statistical data.Compared with this,using RS and GIS technology to analyse and process data can reduce error which gathering and processing data caused by human,evaluation results have been more objective.