Making Technology Development And Mechanism Research On Super Absorbent Resin

Super absorbent resin is a polymer,which has very low cross-linking,doesn't dissolve water and expanses sharply after absorbing water.It is a new water-saving technology that develops in recent years.When it is applied to agriculture in the soil,it can absorb and store water and nutrients well that the plant growth need.When the weather is drought,the water and nutrients will release to be supplied to the plants effectively.Super absorbent resin can not only improve the utilization of water resources,but can enhance the utilization of fertilizers greatly.In view of the question that the agriculture is water shortage in China and the current situation that super absorbent resin is reseached,the reaction system that starch grafts sodium acrylate has been studied through two ways of microwave and chemistry triggerring.To the affecting factors that the amount of starch,the neutralization degree of acrylic,the power of microwave(the temperature of reaction),the time of reaction,the amount of initiator and the amount of ion(?)esin in the system,designing orthogonal test,summarizing the rule and optimizing technics.Reviewing the micro-structure,the performance of water lossing,the thermal stability and the application of products.The principal results are as follow:(1)Comparing with the chemistry triggerring system,each affecting factor in the microwave triggerring system act more complicatedly.But the reaction time of microwave triggerring is very short,the performance of the products is moer predominant.(2)Obtaining the optimum conditions:microwave triggerring system(the amount of starch 1.00g,the neutralization degree of acrylic 85%,the power of microwave 150W,the time of reaction 150s,the amount of initiator 0.9%,the amount of ion resin 1.00g),chemistry triggerring system(the amount of starch 1.00g,the neutralization degree of acrylic 65%,the temperature of reaction 45℃,the time of reaction 2h,the amount of initiator 0.6%,the amount of ion resin 0.20g).When using the products repeatedly,we find that the water and salt solution absorption rate still reach upan primary 50%after using three times,so the repeated using performance is predominant.(3) Fitting the missing water curves of microwave triggerring products are accordant with mathematical parameter model basically in the simulant atmosphere in the five cities of Zhengzhou,Guangzhou,Lanzhou,Harbin and Lasa that are representative in China,: (?)=360.55587-6.12361X+0.024752X~2(?)= 0.99828(X expresses time,Y expresses quality);Fitting the missing water curves of chemistry triggerring products are accordant with mathematical parameter model basically: (?)=214.69617-4.83159X+0.02783X~2 R~2= 0.9942(X expresses time,Y expresses quality).The relativity of the missing water rate of the products and time is above the remarkable level,the rate assumes 1 yuan quadratic equation relations with the time,and the relativity is well.(4)Explaining that this reaction process is a graft and cross-linking process,and proving group structure of super absorbent resin O—C=O through analysing the infrared spectras of the products. (5)Applying ambient temperature is below 90℃through the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) of the products;In the four optimum,conditions,the character of chemistry triggerring3 and microwave triggerring1 is more stable.(6)Mensurating the iterative absorption of products in the solution of ionic and non-ionic fertilizer,and compared with starch general polymer.The fertilizer absorbing ability of products is higher and the iterative performance is more ascendant.(7)Applying the products in the planting experiment of camphire and paspalum notatum flugge.Compared with no super absorbent resin,the surviving days of camphire and paspalum notatum flugge with super absorbent resin are obviously increasing,and the growing status is substantially improving.