Loess Hilly Dark Hole Causes Road Hazards

As a kind of micro-topography of the loess overburden area, the loess hidden hole is a geological hazard. It is seriously dangerous to the highway engineering for its universality, concealment and emergency. In the thick loess overburden area for the west of the Luliang Mountain in Shanxi province, the hazard of the loess hidden hole is serious. However, the research about the loess hidden hole is almost in blank because of the history factors. According to field survey, laboratory and field test and calculation analysis, this thesis combines the scientific research project and researches the distribution, genetic mechanism and highway hazard. It fills up the lack of the research about the loess hidden hole in the loess Plateau of China and provides prevention and cure evidence for highway hazard of the west of Shanxi province. There is some theoretical significance practical significance. The main result is as follows:The thesis, based on information investigation and a large number of data from field investigations, analyses the regional general situation, geologic structure, loess property, micro-topography and micro-relief, human activity and so on and concludes the distribution regularities and the basic features of the loess hidden hole.The results showed the loess hidden holes result from many interior and exterior elements. The interior elements include loess property, loess joint fracture, and stratum structure. Firstly, the influence of loess property (permeability, serious collapsibility and disintegration) for loess hidden holes is the essential intrinsic factor of hidden holes formation. Secondly, numerous loess joint fractures are preferred plane of loess hidden holes and provide place for the transport and the storage of the groundwater. Thirdly, large thickness and continuous loess strata also compose the most basic stratigraphic conditions of the loess hidden holes formation.The exterior elements take the erosion of water as the most directly decisive factor. In addition, it also includes some factors that are close and related with the erosion of water, such as micro-topography and micro-relief conditions, hydro-geological conditions, climate factors and human activities. The erosion of water can be divided into surface water and ground water. The influence of surface water is substantially the erosion of rain in the loess hidden holes. The main influence of groundwater is the comprehensive function physics, chemistry and mechanics.Based on the investigation in detail along the line of the main highway in loess...