Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Moving Target Detection

Moving Target Detection and Imaging (MTDI) which is a hot topic in the area of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) research has great martial and civilian meaning .Nowadays, many countries in the world are making great efforts to develop advanced MTDI systems and explore high efficient MTDI algorithms.This dissertation mainly studies the methods of airborne multi-aperture SAR MTDI especially the slow moving targets detection and imaging.Also, this dissertation studies how to estimate the parameters of the moving targets accurately and focus the moving targets.The main work of this dissertation is as follows:1,The theory of Range-Doppler(RD) imaging is introduced; After analyzing the model of moving targets'echoes, the changes of Doppler history are discussed in detail, which are due to targets'movement. The influences of the changes on the conventional SAR imaging and the range migration of moving targets are also analyzed. At last, the methods of MTDI are divided into several classes which are summarized in detail.2,The principle and detection performance of Displaced Phase Center Antenna(DPCA) is proposed. Three-antenna-SAR system is presented;With interferometry, the movement parameters and doppler parameters are estimated.With these estimated parameters ,the image of moving targets are focused.3,The principle and detection performance of Along Track Interferometry(ATI) is analyzed.After discussing the influences of clutter,background noise and phase noise to the performance of ATI ,the simulation results prove the validity of interferometry and parameter estimation in range-doppler field4,A new method of dual channel SAR moving target detection is presented.The performance and the clutter and noise influence are discussed in detail.Compared with the traditional method ,this method has better performance.