| Echinacea purpurea L. ,also named as zizhuiju in Chinese,is a kind of perennial herb, belonging to Echincea of Composite family.It is native to North America and Canada. For its prominent value in immunologic function, antibiosis, anti-inflammatory effects, antivirus effects etc., Echinacea purpurea L becomes popular in theWest.This study used the inflorescence of Echinacea purpurea L. as raw material, optimized the best process of extraction of volatile oil, used GC-MS to analyse the chemical constituents, and also studied the antibiosis,anti-inflammatory effect as well as the evacuation of free radicals in order to afford theoretic basis and technological support for the plantation and exploitatioon of Echinacea purpurea L.1. Use steam distillation method to extract the volatile oil. Four factors such as water addition, distilled time, soak time and grain size, that were possible to influence the extaction were included in the single-factor experiment . Distilled time, soak time and grain size were used of the orthogonal test. The results showed that the best process were 60 mesh, 8 hours of extraction and 2 hours for soaking, which could achieved the highest yield, 0.17%. The influences of the main factors were: size> distilled time = soak time.2. GC-MS was used to analyse the constituents. Results showed that: 36 components were isolated. 21 components belong to terpenoid, the content of which was 68.29%. 1 component(6.13%) belongs to aromatic compound, 11 components belong to aliphatic compound(22.83%).The main component is trans-Caryophyllene(9.21%), Germacrene D(8.78%),δ-Cadinene(8.16%),(-)-Caryophyllene oxide(7.49%),1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl- Benzene(6.13%).3. Take the volatile of lavandula pedunculata and Vc as control group, the inhibition on acteria and mould were studied by cup method, the MIC were also studied by agar dilution. Results showed that the volatile oil of Echinacea purpurea L. had inhibition on both bacteria and mould. The MIC for Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn and Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach were 0.63 mg/mL,1.25 mg/mL and 2.5mg/mL. The inhibiton on mould were not clear.4. Take Vc and Lavandula pedunculata as control group, use spectrophotometric method to determine the clearance rates of DPPH·and·OH as well as the inhibition r atio on the peroxidation of lecithin. The results show that the effects of volatile oil of Echinacea purpurea L.on the clearance rate or inhibition ratio of DPPH·and peroxidation of lecithin are better than control group.But the effect on·OH shows quite the reverse.5. The inhibition effect on foot suelling of rats caused by egg white,ear suelling by xylene and the proliferation of the granulation caused tamoin transplantation as well as the influence on the concentration of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 from inflammatory exudate were observed to studied the anti-inflammatory effects. Results showed that the volatile oil of Echinacea purpurea L. had prominent anti-inflammatory effect. Every dose of oil showed inhibition effect. Among them middle and high dose of oil on 4h had significant difference(P<0.05) compared to the model control. Every dose of Echinacea purpurea L. had different inhibitory effects on foot swelling, could decrease the degree of swelling. The low-dose group showed significant different(P<0.05) compared to the model control after two and three hours` injection; middle-dose group showed significant different(P<0.05) compared to model control at 1.5h and 3h after injection; high-dose group showed highly significant different(P<0.01) compared to model control at 1.5h, 2h,3h after injection. Every dose group showed inhibitory effects on the proliferation of granulation. The wet weight of granulation in middle-dose group had significant difference(P<0.05) with in the model control.; The wet weight of granulation in high-dose group had highly significant difference(P<0.01) with in the model control. The dry weight of granulation in high-dose had significant difference(P<0.05) with in model control. Every dose group could reduce the release of TNF-αand IL-6,and motivate the release of IL-2. Compared with model control, low-dose group could make the content of IL-6 reduced dignificantly(P<0.05), high-dose group could significantly(P<0.05) reduce the content of TNF-αand motivate the content of IL-2. These showed that volatile oil had some inhibitory effects on the proliferation of granulation. |
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