The Analysis Of Dynamic Changes Of Forest Landscape In The Core Region Of Chang-zhu-tan

The rapid development of urbanization causes large-scale industrial and population concentration, urban environmental pollution, makes ecological damaged and the health of residents threatened. The urban forest plays an important role in maintaining and improving the urban ecological environment, understanding the evolution of landscape patterns of forest laws and studying the relationship between the pattern of forest landscape and ecological processes have an important guiding significance for the reconstruction of forest landscape patterns, the forecast of the development trend of forest landscape, the optimization of the ecological environment of the urban landscape and the rational use of land and urban planning.At the conclusion of theories and methods at home and abroad on urban forests and urban forestry research, based on the combination of landscape ecology theory, the use of remote sensing and geographic information systems theories and techniques, taking the core of "Changzhutan" group of cities as the research object, the area is 4480.002Km2, the 6 different period remote sensing image of MSS, TM/ETM and CBERS as data source, this article analyses urban forest landscape of dynamic change by the combination of qualitative and quantitative analytical methods of landscape indices, the transfer matrix and Kappa index in accordance with national "land use classification", combining with the actual situation of the study area, the landscape is divided into 7 categories, named respectively:forest; shrub land; other woodland; cultivated land; Waters and construction land. The main findings are as follows:1. The core area of arable land and woodland is an important landscape type. On various types of landscape types in 2007, the arable land accounting for 40.92 percent, 27.75 percent the proportion of forest and other woodlands 17.44 percent, shrub land 0.30%, accounting for 8.56 percent of land for construction purposes. In 2007 the number of patch is 4275, fractal dimension is 1.0872, dominance is 0.5213, separation is 0.9841, diversity index is 1.4246, evenness is 0.7321, Aggregation Index to 93.937.2. The heterogeneity increased, the degree of fragmentation increased, the dominance reduced in the core area of landscape.From 1973 to 2007 on the change of the landscape index in the study area, the patch number increased, landscape heterogeneity increased, landscape fragmentation is the growth to some extent; Separation increased, the landscape tends to spread, distribution becomes more complex; dominance gradually reduced, the dominance of the landscape type patch has been reduced.3. The core area of the landscape type conversion in the amount was large, and the frequency of coversion was high.The transformation of the type of landscape in 1.973-2007, the construction land area increased significantly and occupied the surrounding farmland and woodland, farmland and forest land area decreased rapidly. In Woodlands, forest land area and other wooded land area decreased, shrub forest area increased. Arable land and forest land were converted into land for construction purposes obviously, the amount was large, and high frequency; Secondly, in arable land and woodland, mainly between the woodland and other woodland, the amount of conversion was large.4. In the core area the integrated landscape changed obviously. From 1973 to 2007 the change in spatial location was 0.0276, the number of changes was 0.1054, changes in spatial location is less than the number of changes, the integrated landscape had changed relatively large; In different periods the loss of information per year of various Kappa index showed that the change of Kappa index was speeding up, the loss information was increasing, landscape location and the amount of landscape types was speeding up the pace of change.5. The consistent rate became small. In 1973-2007, the consistent rate of amount was 0.1536, the consistent rate of the location was 0.6347, the corresponding change rate of amount is greater than the change rate of location, respectively 0.0508 and 0.0180; The consistent rate of the location throughout the consistent rate was in the largest share, more than 0.6000; from 1973 to 2000 landscape space in the consistent rate gradually increased, after 2000 the consistent rate in space reflected the location change of the core area of landscape and the changes of amount to speed up.As a whole, urbanization is the city's main driving force of landscape change in the study area. Arable land and woodland which is landscape matrix in the core area of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, in the control of the overall landscape structure and function and ecological security, plays a leading role.Theresponse pattern of forest landscape is that based on the regional landscape ecological planning theory and basic principles, the two sides along the river to increase the number of green spaces corridor, so that the landscape could constitutes the network structure, to better keep the water and soil and conserve moisture, improve the ecological environment conditions; The establishment of the regional green belt around the city, to establish greenbelt along the highway, will make the fragmentation forest patches linked through forest corridors in study area to solve the fragmentation of forest landscape issues of the core area.