| Olfactory sensation is very important to the animals survival and community stability, many species search for food, recognize and communicate depend on it. Animals can judge the gender, age, genetic relationship, social status according to the special individual odor. Many animals can leave special odor to mark their territory range. Dog(Canis lupus familiaris) has extremely sensitive olfactory sensation, about 10,000 to 100,000 times higher than human, and its olfactory receptor types are far more than human. Dogs are our friends, we often use their sensitive olfactory sensation to make our lives convenient, such as hunter, police dog etc. The olfactory sensation of dog has important significance not only for dog itself but also human. The study of the olfactory receptor (OR) is the foundation of the olfactory sensation, at present, there's no study of the expression levels of olfactory receptor genes in different olfactory mucosa parts. We detect the expression levels of 6 Canis lupus familiaris olfactory receptor genes in olfactory mucosa front and rear parts by RT-qPCR for the first time, designing primers according to Canis lupus familiaris olfactory receptor gene sequences in NCBI GenBank database, using Canis lupus familiarisβ-actin gene (Serial Number AF021873) as a reference gene, SYBR Green I as fluorescence dye, and compare the expression levels. To study the dog olfactory sensation at gene level, and give a theoretical and methodological reference for the study of expression levels of multiple genes, species, tissues.We find:1. Three of these genes can be detected. The relative expression levels (Mean±SD) are cOR5BA2 front 1.00000±0.26264, rear 0.00049±0.00003; cOR51Q3 front 0.26894±0.06879, rear 1.00000±0.23937; cOR51P3 front 0.13864±0.00987, rear 1.00000±0.13868. cOR13M4, cOR52X2 and cOR2AI2 can not be detected. There's no gene can express more than the reference gene.2. The same gene has different expression levels in different parts of the olfactory mucosa. The front expression level of cOR5BA2 is higher than the rare. The rare expression level is only 0.049% of the front, and is 0.049% of the reference gene too. The front expression levels of cOR51Q3 and cOR51P3 are less than the rare. The rare level is as the same as the reference gene, the front level is 26.9% of the reference gene,26.9% of the rare, too. The rare expression level of cOR51P3 is the same as the reference gene, the front level is 13.9% of the reference gene,13.9% of the rare, too. The biggest difference is in cOR5BA2, then cOR51P3, at last, cOR51Q3. One olfactory gene relates to one kind of odor molecule. The same gene has different expression levels in different parts of the olfactory mucosa demonstrates that the different olfactory mucosa parts have different sensation to the same odor.3. Different genes have different expression levels in the same part of the olfactory mucosa. In front part, cOR5BA2 expression level is the highest one, the same as the reference gene, then cOR51Q3,26.9% of cOR5BA2, the lowest one is cOR51P3,13.9% of cOR5BA2,51.6% of cOR51Q3. In the rare, cOR51Q3 and cOR51P3 have high expression level, the same as the reference gene, cOR5BA2 expression level is extremely low, near to no expression, only 0.049% of cOR51Q3 and cOR51P3 expression level. Different genes have different expression levels at the same part of the olfactory mucosa demonstrates that the same mucosa part has different sensation to different odor molecule.4. We find two genes can express among three ClassⅠgenes, they are cOR51Q3,cOR51P3 but only one can express among three ClassⅡgenes, it is cOR5BA2. The proportion and the expression possibility of ClassⅠgenes is high, these phenomena may relate to the high olfactory sensation of dogs.The different olfactory genes have different expression levels, which demonstrates that the olfactory mucosa has different sensation to odors. |
PDF Full Text Request