Evaluation Of The Loess Plateau Watershed Management And Its Benefits

Through applied the theory and methodology of eco-economics, watershed management in Loess Plateau in the north of Shaanxi province was investigated, choose 11 typical watersheds by aim and demand of this Sino-German project, and classified the 11 typical watersheds to 5 control models. Systematic summarized experience of comprehensive control of water and soil losses in the north of Shaanxi province of Loess Plateau. Based on reality and researchers of the former in this thesis a relatively integral suitable system for evaluating watershed comprehensive control was established, with analysis hierarchy process (AHP) and multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the benefits of 5 control models and 11 watersheds was evaluated, and tested by hierarchical cluster analysis, so this research provided support for policy-making of comprehensive control of Loess Plateau more scientific in the later.Got material and data of comprehensive control of 11 typical watersheds, The material and data including basic material of measures of plants, measures of engineering and measures of agriculture; material of social and economic data. Farmer investigation applied seim-structured interviews, using open-ended questions. So it can improve accuracy and reliance of the material.Summarized new method of soil and water conservation in recently years, It mainly big-furrow plant, plastic-sheet-covered wheat, agro-forestry, apple develop, herd the sheep in to the pens, migration, and so on.By reality and material a relatively integral suitable system for evaluating watershed comprehensive control was established, applied AHP, got the weight of every evaluation indictor, The result of evaluation accord with reality, so AHP is scientific and practicable.Applied multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation 5 control models and 11 watersheds was systematic appraisal, the result indicate: agro-forestry model, economic forestry (crop) model, forestry-grass models and ecological agriculture model's ecological benefits is better, traditional agriculture model is poor; agro-forestry model's economic benefits is best, economic forestry (crop) model and ecological agriculture model is better, forestry-grass model is good, traditional agriculture model is bad; agro-forestry model's social benefits is best, economic forestry(crop) model is better, ecological agriculture model is good, forestry-grass model is general, traditional agriculture model is poor; agro-forestry model's comprehensive benefits is best, economic forestry (crop)model, ecological agriculture model, forestry-grass model is better, traditional agriculture model is bad.Applied SSPS 10.0 11 watersheds was hierarchical cluster analyzed, on level 11 watershed can be classified 3 class, Nihegou watershed, Zhifanggou watershed and Kangshui watershed is one class,Liuhuayu watershed is one class, and 7 other watershed is one class,the result is accord with multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, Nihegou watershed, Zhifanggou watershed and Kangshui watershed comprehensive control evaluation is good ,Liuhuayu watershed is bad ,and 7other watershed is general.Suggest agro-forestry, model, economic forestry (crop) model, ecological agriculture model should be applied in Loess Plateau soil and water control suit measures to local conditions, so quicken the tempo of soil and water conservation in Loess Plateau, reduce harness invest, and improve harness level and harness evaluation.