Screening And Cloning Of The Ability Of Different Genotypes Of Maize Embryogenic Callus

34 maize inbred lines and 32 hybrid combinations were screened for ability of emberyogenic callus establishment. Genetic control of maize emberyogenic callus formation and the method which increased germplasm with high iniciation ability were probed. The difference between embryogenic callus and nonembryogemc callus was detected .The results were showed as follows: 1. Lniciation of regenerable callus was inheritable.Different maize genotypes showed different ability of emberyogenic callus estabilisbment and plant regeneration. 31 genotypes which could form embryogemc callus were found. Among them, materials including 1193, redl8, whitel8,78599-3,ZhongziO3,R09, whitel8X 1193.. whitel8x478.. 478xwhitel8 and 48-2xredl8 showed high imciation ability, which could be used to genetic engineering as good acceptor system. 2. Parental genotypes had significant effect on the iniciation of embryogenic callus of F1 generation .The rate of emberyogemc callus formation of F1 generation increased greatly when low induction ability parents crossed with high induction ability parents. Elite inbred line,48-2,had been crossed with inbred lines of high induction ability and combination 48-2 x ~ 8red with high iniciation ability had been created. The study provided possible ways to improve the ability of emberyogemc callus formation of other elite inbred lines such as S37. 3. As for the fresh weight of the embryogenic callus, 1 8white X 1193 increased more quickly than 1193,1 8white and I 8red.It grew far more quickly than its parents, which showed heterosis a certain extent. 4. The concentration of 2.4-D had an effect on the mopha, growth and diffierentiation of callus.3 mgIL 2.4-D were found to be most favorable for the induction of embryogenic callus. But the sesitivity to 2.4-0 varied among genotypes. 478 xl 8red was sensitive while ZhongziO3 was opposite On the other hand, either adding CaCI2 or the early crushing of the tissue was good for the formation of embryogenic callus. 39 5. The abvious difference between embryogenic callus and nonembryogenic callus was detected by scanning electron microscopy and microtomy, which provided reference to sieve the embryogenic callus.