Yanbian Region Osmia Fauna And Its Utilization Study

In order to use Osmia as a pollinator in apple-pear, the Osmia fauna in Yanbian Area, the biological character, the technology of releasing and reproducing in apple-pear orchard, were studied from 1999 to 2001.The results showed that:1) Yanbian Area was bound in Osmia resources.5 species were trapped in the field, namely Osima. cornifrons, O.longicornis,O.pedcornis, O.changbaishanense and O.sp. O.changbaishanense was the new species; to the number of their species, O.cornifrons was the dominant species in the local area (98.95)%. The trap tube should be located beneath the eave of civil-constructed thatched cottage near the mountain, where existed several fruit trees and quite quantity of plants blooming in the early spring. 2) O.cornifrons and O.longicornis reproduced one generation every year, both of them could pollinate for apple-pear and propagate in orchard, O.cornifrons could be used directly in the apple-pear orchard, and O.longicornis could be as the promising species still waiting for further research.3) The base emergent temperature from cocoon and thermal contant of O. cornifrons were 6.59℃ and 69.14 das.4) The reproductive ratio and establishing ration of O.corifrons were different according to the circumstance of the orchards. The orchard covered with early-spring flowers around florescence benefited the establishment and propagation, and the establishment effect of bamboo tube was better than that of paper tube (the establishment ratio were 40.59%, 23.45% for bamboo tube and paper tube respectively). The reproductive ratio and establishment ratio need to be improved.5) O.cornifrons as a pollinator could ensure the fruit set ratio. Fruits pollinated by O.cornifrons had more seeds (0.87), developed more fully, shaped more regularly, weighed more heavily (33.4g).