Journal Of Schisandra Aerial Parts Growth And Development Of Dynamic Studies

Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et Wils.is a perennial deciduous climber plant,its dry fruit is a traditional Chinese medicine and its fresh fruit with bright colour and abundant nutrition usually be eaten and made into health foods,such as fruit vinegar,fruit juice,fruit wine and so on.With the advance of the production scale of drugs and health foods made by S.sphenanthera, the demand of S.sphenanthera has been continuously increasing,it has not been planted on a large scale,so demand and supply was increasingly strainedintensely.The Qin-Ba Mountain Area is the concentrated distribution area of wild S.sphenanthera,with the characteristics of wide distribution and large reserves.Because of over exploitation and utilization recent years,the available resources of S.sphenanthera become more and more scarce,according to sustainable development,the resource of wild S.sphenanthera should be protected and tended,and managed and produced by GAP(Good Agricultural Practice).This thesis takes wild S.sphenanthera from Zuo Shui County Shaanxi Province as the research object,the paper has studied the phenophase,blossom and fruit drop dynamics,dynamic growth of the aboveground part(leaf,flower,fruit,shoot),dynamic changes of main nutrient's content of S.sphenanthera.the main conclusions as follows:1.The wild S.sphenanthera live in Ying pan town Zuo Shui County Shaanxi Province bleeding period is the beginning of March,the period of germination is the middle and last ten days of March, leaf-expansion period is the first ten days of April,the descendants and the new shoots sprout after leaf-expansion period,whose growth peak appear in the middle ten days of May till the middle ten days of June,and from July to August capping in succession.Flowering in the last ten days of April, the first ten days of May is the early stage on full bloom,the middle ten days of May is the stage of full bloom,the last ten days of May is the end of full-bloom stage.From the last ten days of May to the last ten days of June,fruit appear growth peak,the bacca colouring in the last ten days of July, fruit gradually matured in the first ten days of August,from the last ten-day of October to the beginning of November is defoliate period.2.The growth of shoots is synchronous with the growth of the leaf area which promotes the growth of fruits.However,excessive growth of shoots would restrain the growth of fruits because of their competition for nutrient elements.Therefore,during the wildlife tending of S.sphenanthera, some pruning on the shoots and descendants would be necessary,in order to balance the growth of shoots and leaves with the growth of flowers and fruits.As for the plants with less branches and leaves,it's good for their renovation to cultivate a little more descendants.3.The content of macroelements in S.sphenanthera during its growing period from high to low are:N,K,Mg,Ca,P,and so are microelements are:Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn.The content of Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu, Zn and total sugar in shoots and leaves are higher in male plants than in female plants.The content of P,K in leaves are much higher in male plants than in female plants.S.sphenanthera needs greater amount of N,P,K,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn during its period of growth.Female plant needs greater amount of K,Fe than male plant from Aprial to May;Female plant needs greater amount of N,P,Mg than male plant from May to June,those mineral elements in female plant may be used to bloom.During period of fruits growth,female plant needs greater amount of K than male plant from June to July.During fruits mature period,female plant needs greater amount of N,P,Zn than male plant from June to July.Different fertilizers should be used properly in different growing peorids to satisfy the growth of S.sphenanthera in the wildlife tending.4.Both the leaf area of mature leaves and the length of shoots and descendants in female plants are significantly lower than those in male plants because flowers and fruits in female plants need more nutrient elements for growth,which leads to heavy competition with shoots and leaves.For this reason,in the wildlife tending of S.sphenanthera,fertilizer management on the female plants, on one hand,should be enhanced;and on the other hand,to balance the growth of shoots and leaves with the growth of flowers and fruits,some pruning on the shoots and descendants should be done before the shoots' growth peak.