| The effects of Light Transmittance felling(strong thinning,moderate thinning and contrast communities) on the structure,productivity,biodiversity and the tree species growth process of Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species were studied by using sample plot with net check survey method and diversity index analysis method in Maoershan regions.Furthermore,the optimal management fashions were probed for this kind of Korean Pine plantation communities,on the basis of evaluating the roles played by different thinning treatments in the region vegetation restoration,biodiversity maintenance and the timber production.The result indicated:(1) Light Transmittance felling regimes had great influences on the tree species compositions of the Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species.The contrast communities developed the Korean Pine and broadleaf mixed forest community in which Korean Pine was dominant species(0.461),Monglian Oak(0.131) and David Poplar(0.107) were co-dominant species,other ten species were auxiliary species; The contrast communities developed the Korean Pine and broadleaf mixed forest community in which Korean Pine was dominant species(0.461),Mongolian Oak(0.131) and David Poplar(0.107) were co-dominant species,other ten species were auxiliary species;The moderate thinning communities developed the Korean Pine and broadleaf mixed forest community in which Korean Pine was dominant species(0.547),Mongolian Pine(0.174) and Asian White Birch(0.144) were co-dominant species,other four species were auxiliary species;The strong thinning communities developed the Korean Pine and broadleaf mixed forest community in which Korean Pine was dominant species(0.628);Manchurian Ash (0.265) was co-dominant species,other six species were auxiliary species.(2) Light Transmittance felling regimes had great influences on the diameter class distribution of the Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species. The diameter class distributions(D=26cm:24cm=D=12cm:D=10cm) of the strong thinning, moderate thinning and contrast communities were 3.92%,51.63%,44.44%;1.47%,49.02%, 64.36%and 1.94%,24.81%,73.26%;Their dominant species diameter class distributions were 4.13%,47.93%,50.41%;0.00%,38.03%,61.97%and 0.00%,19.88%,80.12%;Their auxiliary species diameter class distributions were 12.50%,65.63%,21.88%;4.84%,58.84%,28.74% and 5.15%,16.49%,78.35%.So the moderate diameter class(24cm=D=12cm) all took on increasing tend,the small diameter class(D=10cm) all took on decreasing tend,with light transmittance felling intensity increasing. (3) Light transmittance felling regimes had great influences on the stand volume and productivity of the Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species. The stand volume and productivity of the strong thinning,moderate thinning and contrast communities were 253.3167,276.7833,234.3483 m~3/hm~2 and 6.1785,6.7508,5.7158 m~3/a.hm~2,the productivity of moderate or strong thinning community increased by 18.11%or 8.10%than that of contrast community,so light transmittance felling treatment can raise productivity of the communities;Their dominant species stand volume and productivity were 137.41,94.86,69.91m~3/hm~2 and 3.351,2.314,1.705m~3/a.hm~2,the productivity of dominant species in moderate or strong thinning community increased by 35.7%or 96.6%than that in contrast community,so light transmittance felling treatment can raise productivity of the dominant species;Their auxiliary species stand volume and productivity were 115.91,181.93, 164.44 m~3/hm~2 and 3.739,4.437,4.011 m~3/a.hm~2,the productivity of auxiliary species in strong thinning community increased by 18.67%or 10.63%than that in moderate or contrast community,so light transmittance felling treatment also can raise productivity of the auxiliary species.(4) Light transmittance felling regimes had great influences on Korean Pine growth of the Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species.Mean annual increment of DBH,tree height and volume of Korean Pine in the strong thinning,moderate thinning and contrast communities were 0.29,0.26,0.24cm/a;0.31,0.26,0.24m/a;0.001189, 0.000946,0.000730m~3/a.the mean annual increment of DBH,tree height and volume in strong or moderate thinning community increased by 20.83%,29.17%,62.88%or 8.33%,8.3%, 29.59%than that in contrast community successively.So the strong thinning treatment was much beneficial to the growth of Korean Pine.(5) Light transmittance felling regimes had great influences on species diversity of the Korean Pine plantation communities being mixed with broad-leaved species.The species richness and Shannon-Weiner diversity index in the strong thinning,moderate thinning and contrast communities were 27,31,25 or 1.7700,2.0683,1.7121.The species richness and Shannon-Weiner diversity index in the strong or moderate thinning communities increased by 8.0%and 3.4%or 24.0%and 20.8%than that in contrast community in proper order.So the moderate thinning treatment was much beneficial to the species diversity maintenance.(6) On the basis of evaluating the effects of light transmittance felling on the structure, productivity,biodiversity and the tree species growth process of the communities,three kinds of optimal management fashions were put forward for managing the Korean Pine plantation. |
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