| Sugarcane parent is the basis of sugarcane cross breeding. The information on genetic analysis of sugarcane parent could aid to direct the selection of parents and the deployment of cross. Also, it could help to enlarge the genetic diversity of materials in breeding programs. Besides, the construction of molecular fingerprints will support the protection of varieties authority and the identification of genotypes. Thus, the relative study has important theoretical and practical significance. A total of 116 sugarcane clones, including regular parents, innovative parents and new parents, and five SSR loci were used for SSR marker analysis. The information of genetic diversity on these sugarcane parents were obtained by the analysis of SSR marker data via the methods of cluster analysis, principal component analysis and genetic similarity analysis. The main results and main conclusions are as follows.First, Genetic diversity of 116 sugarcane parents was investigated using five pairs of fluorescence SSR primers and the genetic similarity index between each other in all sugarcane materials was obtained. The result showed that the genetic similarity index of 116 parents ranged from 0.725 to 1.000 and the quantitative analysis of genetic similarity was made in all tested sugarcane clones.Second, The total of 116 sugarcane parents was divided into two types. Sixty four was regular parents and fifty two was innovative or new parents. The method for analysis of SSR markers data were cluster analysis, principal component analysis and genetic similarity analysis. The results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) for sixty four commonly regular parents ranged from 0.730 to 1.000, and these materials sixty four regular parents were clustered into 10 groups at GS 0.823. The GS for fifty two innovative or new parents ranged from 0.722 to 0.943, and these materials were clustered into 4 groups at GS 0.808. The results of principal component analysis results showed that both types of parents were abundant in the genetic diversity and had wide genetic basis. The genetic diversity index(h)and the Shannon's information index(I)for the regular parent were 0.190 and 0.223, respectively. The h and I for the innovative or new parents were 0.308 and 0.359, respectively. Both values for regular parents were only 61.69% and 62.64% compared to the other type of parents.Third, According to the difference of breeding institute, 116 sugarcane parents could be divided into eight main ie. Yuetang, Guitang, Yunzhe, Funong,Yacheng, ROC, HoCP and CP series and another mixed series. The results of the genetic diversity analysis showed that Nei's genetic diversity h varied from 0.136 to 0.178 and Shannon's information index varied from 0.181 to 0.275. The highest values of h and I were 0.178 and 0.275, respectively and both was shared by Yacheng series. Both the lowest values of h and I were 0.136 and was shared by CP series. Therefore, Yacheng serie had the most abundant of genetic diversity.Fourth, Five SSR loci showed good polymorphism and a total of 88 alleles were revealed by them. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 11 to 26 and the average was 17.6. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.753 to 0.897 in 116 evaluated sugarcane parents and the average was 0.837.Fifth, DNA specific fingerprintings for 114 sugarcane parents based on five SSR loci were successfully constructed, but not for two parents of Mintang90-55 and HoCP93-750. DNA specific fingerprintings for 63 sugarcane parents could be constructed by SSR locus of SMC336BS with the best polymorphic amplification. The 31 important sugarcane clones used for both regular cross parents and cultivar were evaluated.The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.541 to 0.934 and the specific DNA fingerprintings and digital fingerprintings for them were constructed. |
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