Association Between Hla Gene Polymorphism And Acute Leukemia

Background and objective:Leukemia is a malignancy of hematopoietic system,leukemia were generally classified into 3 gruops in medicine science:acute leukemia,chronic leukemia,special leukemia.The annual incidence of acute leukemia(AL) is 2-4/100000,only amounting to 5%of the malignancy,but it is seriously endangering human health.The morbidity rate of the young adults is high and the mortality is the first in children malignant tumors.A great number of epidemiological data show that genetics and environmental factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of leukemia.HLA gene is an important gene that controls immune responses and immune adjustment,it determines genetic characteristics of the functions of immune system.It has been an important human genetic marker for its high-polymorphism.Much evidence indicates that there is a close correlation between HLA gene and many diseases,and there are differences between different races or ethic groups.HLA gene plays an important role in the genetic suspectibility to disease,It has great significance for identifing the gene mutation and explicating pathogenic mechanism to find the related susceptible gene and the difference of genetic factors.HLA antigens are closely associated with the rejection of allogenic organ transplantation.HLA molecule may be one of the important genetic factors to cause leukemia.In this study,we performed genotyping of five HLA locus(A,B,C,DQB1,DRB1) to acute leukemia patients in the Han nationality of Henan province using PCR-SSP technique.It provides precise genotyping results for clinical marrow transplantation donor and recipients and then explore the association between HLA gene polymorphism and acute leukemia in order to provide clues to the the study on pathophysiological mechanism of acute leukemia.Methods:55 patients with acute leukemia and 55 normal controls were selected in our study.Among 55 patients,16 cases were acute lymphoid leukemia(ALL) and 39 cases were acute myeloid leukemia(AML).The HLA gene polymorphism information was obtained from HLA-A,B,C,DR and DQ gene typing results using sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction((PCR-SSP) method.Result:1.It was detected 12,25,12,5 and 13 alleles respectively in HLA-A,B,C,DQB1,DRB1 gene locus in acute leukemia group.In normal control group 13,23,11,5 and 13 alleles were respectively detected in HLA-A,B,C,DQB1,DRB1 gene locus.2.HLA-Ⅰgene typing:The allele frequency of HLA-A~*02,B~*51 and C_w~*12 in acute leukemia group were significantly higher than that of control group,The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);The Relative Risk(RR) was respectively 2.100,3.063 and 3.963.While the allele frequency of HLA-A~*31,A~*33,B~*14 and C_w~*07 in acute leukemia group were significantly lower than that of control group,The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);The Relative Risk (RR) was respectively 0.208,0.282,0.135 and 0.471.3.HLA-Ⅱgene typing:The allele frequency of HLA-DQB1~*02,DQB1~*03,DRBI~*04,DRB1~*07 and DRB1~*12 in acute leukemia group were significantly higher than that of control group,The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);The Relative Risk(RR) was respectively 3.371,2.390,3.391,2.662 and 3.072.Conclusion:These results show that HLA- A~*02,B~*51,C_w~*12,DQB1~*02,DQB1~*03,DRB1~*04,DRB1~*07,DRB1~* 12 contribute to the genetic susceptibility to acute leukemia while A~*31,A~*33,B~*14,C_w~*07 contribute to its genetic resistance in the Han nationality of Henan province.