Organization And Management Structure Of Rural Credit Cooperatives

Rural credit cooperatives which are shared by farmers, rural industrial and commercial households, and various economic organizations, are the local communal financial institutions that provide services for farmers, agriculture and rural economic development, are the main force in the rural financial services and financial ties with peasants.At present, the corporate governance structure of rural credit cooperatives are nominal and in name only, that affects not only their own development and market competitiveness on the micro level, but also the allocation efficiency of rural financial resources and rural economic growth on the macro level. Thus, in June 2003, the State Council issued"the program of deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives, "that mentioned the requirements specifically: "corporate units, reforming the property rights system of credit cooperatives, making the relation of property rights clear, improving the corporate governance structure, distinguishing various types, identifying different forms of ownership".The stable efficient operation of rural credit cooperatives directly related to the stability and development of the whole rural finance of China.Changing rural credit cooperatives into the community-based financial organizations with a perfect corporate governance structure, a clear property rights and serving for farmers, agriculture and countryside mainly, has become the fundamental starting point of reform and development of the rural credit cooperatives.At present, the reform of rural credit cooperatives of China has attempted three models, each whit its own advantages and disadvantages. In this regard, it is necessary to study full and learn the research results and successful experience on cooperation for the corporate governance structure of financial enterprises from foreign countries, to explore the path of improving the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives base on the actual conditions of China.This paper is divided into four parts:PartⅠ:Defining the fundamental category theoretically on the cooperative finance, the rural credit cooperatives, the corporate governance structure, elaborating the relevant basic theory, meanwhile, this paper makes the two angles of the study of the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives clearly.PartⅡ:With the reform process of the rural credit cooperatives of China, this paper systematically analyzes the existing problems of the corporate governance structure in three models of property rights system. PartⅢ:This paper Makes an investigation of the developing models of the rural cooperative finance of the United States and Germany, and reveals the generality of the two models and the enlightenment of improving the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives of China.Part IV:This paper proposes and discusses the paths of perfecting the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives systematically, especially puts forward the proposition of using Enterprise Cluster Model to construct the rural credit cooperatives system of China, that is an innovative idea being worthy of notice in this paper.This paper is based on the relative knowledge of corporate governance structure as a guide, at the same time, learns the useful results of the corporate governance structure from the domestic and international theoretical research, use of methods of combining the study of foreign anddomestic research, combining standardized analysis and empirical analysis, combining the comprehensive analysis and comparative study, combining the internal and external factors, focusing on the aspects of property rights, internal person control, power constraints and oversight mechanisms.This paper also carries out a more detailed exposition of the two aspects of affecting the external environment and reforming the internal control structure of the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives, and analyzes the present condition of the corporate governance structure of the rural credit cooperatives, explores how to establish and improve their corporate governance structure.