Micro-credit Research, Development And Inclusive Financial System

This paper applies DEA model about the pilot seven microfinance companies empirical analysis, found the whole operation efficiency is good. Technical efficiency by further decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency to deepen the analysis, we found small loan company relative to pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency is relatively good. This shows that the sample small loan companies higher management level, but because of the scale led to its technical efficiency is low.?The key factors to improve the efficiency of the frontier are solving microfinance company capital source problem and improving the company's operating funds. Through the establishment of the technical efficiency of small loan companies Tobit factor analysis model, the company obtained the technical efficiency of micro-credit factors. The following conclusions: First, the proportion of farmers and small loan company loans was positively correlated with the efficiency and impact significantly increase the proportion of loans to farmers not only help farmers to obtain the funds also help to improve the operational efficiency of small loan companies. Second, the proportion of credit loans and small loan company efficiency was significantly correlated with the proportion of non-credit was a significant negative correlation. Third, small loan company interest rate was weakly correlated with their efficiency, small loan companies for lack of collateral, the borrower pledge and guarantee payment of the loan credit loans increased risk and should be the method by raising the interest rate hedge the additional risk, so interest rate cap on small loans give small loans provided the company's profitability and viability is adversely affected thereby constraining the functioning of micro-credit companies. Fourth, the institutional arrangements to provide more financing channels and relaxing the restrictions on financing, small loan companies can increase the size of the operation of capital, thus improving its resource allocation capabilities will help small loans to improve technical efficiency and its function play.Micro-credit in China has initially formed products can effectively cover the needs of various groups in rural areas relatively complete product chain. However, the following two aspects should also be innovative from the city with rural financing mechanisms. On the one hand allow the development of diverse forms of ownership of micro-credit organizations; the other hand, encourage banking institutions to carry out agency business in rural areas. And take relevant measures to promote the development of microfinance in rural areas. First, strive to foster the development of rural financial system; Second, speed up rural micro-credit product innovation; Third, to further strengthen the micro-credit risk management; Fourth, accelerate the establishment of a scientific and reasonable compensation and risk transfer mechanisms; s Five basic services strengthen the rural financial system.Finally, inclusive financial services from our demand, supply, market and regulatory framework for spatial analysis in four areas come to our country already has a basic condition for the development of inclusive financial sectors. However, there are several problems: first, a lack of depth and breadth of financial services; second, less market-oriented interest rates restricted sustainable development of inclusive financial services; Third, the combination of lack of micro-credit insurance products can not effectively avoid the risk of small loans; fourth, to provide micro-credit financial services, the main one. Learn from foreign experience in the development of inclusive financial sectors, made the object from the service level, service provider level, the market development level, the macro-level regulatory and policy support of the four levels of building inclusive financial framework of the system.