| The petroleum, as a kind of important strategic resources, is related to the key of the national economy development. In the recent years, there has been a great change in the international oil market, and the capture to the petroleum has been become more and more seriously between the countries. At the same time, the undulation of the international petroleum price presented fierce, which has had tremendous influence on the economy development, social stability, security of the nation and so on. More important, under the impact of undulation of international petroleum price, many problems appeared in the original petroleum price forming mechanism of China. The society began to pay more attentions to the petroleum price as well as the price forming mechanism. And the discussions about the direction and the way of petroleum price forming mechanism reform became penetrate gradually. At the beginning of 2006, the government started the fourth petroleum price forming mechanism reform which is from 1998. This reform adjusted the price forming mechanism of domestic refined oil correspondingly. The price of domestic refined petroleum should depend on the price of international market crude oil instead of the price of international market refine oil.At the same time, according to the trend of international petroleum price, the price of domestic refined oil has been adjusted three times in only one year. In addition, the government has also made a series of measures which is related to the reform as the necessary supplement of this petroleum price forming mechanism reform. The final direction of this reform is to make the petroleum price completely marketable.After more than one year's operation, in light of the present circumstances, the new petroleum price forming mechanism reform has obtained certain results. The oil market and the price movement are steady. It has created a good beginning for the reform carried on thoroughly. But simultaneously, China's price forming mechanism and some other aspects, such as petroleum circulation system, petroleum security control system, legal environment and so on, still exist some problems which would ill the current international oil market environment and hinder the petroleum price forming mechanism reform. Regarding to being in the oil price reform crucial time, China is under the big background of international oil price undulation and the international oil market changes. According to the change of international oil market and situation of China, how to deepen the petroleum price forming mechanism reform is the question which waits to be solved by the government urgently.Overall, this article is divided into five parts. The first part of the article based on some theory analyses of the foundation concepts of petroleum price forming mechanism, points out that the establish and the change of petroleum price forming is not only influenced by cost, supply and demand, market competition, national policy, change rate and technology advancement, moreover as a result of its own particularity, but also by geopolitics,speculation, mentality anticipation and so on. Then it briefly introduces some informations about the international petroleum price forming mechanism, including the price mechanism of international crude oil and refined oil. After that, in the second part, it reviews the four development processes which the petroleum price forming mechanism of China experienced, from the state-fixed price to the many kinds of prices form, from the price axle to international connected rails.It analyzes the main characteristics of the four stages, and carries on the detailed elaboration about the concrete contents of the present petroleum price forming mechanism of China. It includes the principle of fixing price of crude oil and the refined one. It also specially mentions the four correlative and necessary measures of the present oil price reform. The third part of the article, the results which have been obtained by the present petroleum price forming mechanism reform of China, as well as the questions existed at present have been analyzed objectively. It points out the advantageous and disadvantageous aspects regarding the oil price reform in the current domestic situation, as well as the necessities to deepen the petroleum price forming mechanism reform of China. In the fourth part, depending on introduction and research about the management and reform of price forming mechanism of some countries ,such as America, Russia, European countries, Japan, South Korea, India,Singapore and so on, find out the experiences and the lessons of these countries in order to help and enlighten the petroleum price forming mechanism reform of China. In last the part of the article, according to the actual situation of the international oil market in recent years, including the undulation of price, the adjustment of supply and demand, price and the influence factors, as well as the change of the petroleum capture and the use of substitution energy, it points out that the new change in the international oil market should bring challenges to the petroleum price forming mechanism reform of China. And in the final, it pays more attention on discussion about the reform which is to make the petroleum price forming mechanism marketable. It proposed the corresponding viewpoints and suggestions: according to the actual condition of China, we should make the petroleum price marketable gradually; we should consummate the petroleum market and the system of adjustment and control, recover the domestic futures market of crude oil and refined oil at the right moment, and continue to establish petroleum strategic reserve of China; we should encourage the privately operated enterprises to participate in the competition in order to break the monopoly pattern in petroleum profession of China; we should establish and perfect the system of correlative laws and regulations, as well as the finance and monetary policies, to provide the premise and guarantee for the realization of petroleum price forming mechanism to be completely marketable.This article has conducted the gradual research of China petroleum price forming mechanism reform under the new change of the international petroleum market, and expects that it will help to carry out next advancement of reform. |
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