Rural Human Resources Development

China is a developing country whose rural population accounts for the absolute proportion. The rural human resources are extremely rich, but only a quantitative not qualitative superiority advantage. How to transform the rural human resources into abundant human capital, how to transform the enormous population pressure into a powerful impetus is the basic question which the modern agriculture develops, make rural economy achieve kind and fast development. How to carry on the exploitation of rural human resources and enhance the quality of rural human resources is an extremely important proposition to the construction of new countryside and harmonious society.The basic mentality is this: this article discusses firstly from the basic theory of the exploitation of rural human resources, carrying the theory evidence to the exploitation of rural human resources by the West human capital theory and Marx's human resources thought. Through analyzing the practical significance to the new rural reconstruction and the harmonious social construction at present situation of rural human resources exploitation, obtains the feasibility and practicality of the exploitation of rural human resources. Finally with the reality it discusses the routes of exploitation of rural human resources. According to this mentality, this article is composed by four parts:The first part is the basic theory of the exploitation of rural human resources. It mainly includes the relevant concepts and theoretical basis of exploitation of rural human resources.In the foundation of absorbing and profiting other scholar's research results, I make the following definition for the human resources: It is the sum of the ability of the school-age population, in a country either the local scope, through certain time regular or the non-regular education or training, displays the ability attaching on the human body (physical ability and intelligence) and carries on the ability to work and serve effectively, including quantity and quality two targets, individual and community two angles. The theoretical basis gives the evidence to the exploitation of rural human resources, including the classical political economy of human capital thinking represented by the William ? Peidi and Adam Smith, Theodore? Theodore Schultz's human capital theory, the new economic growth theory represented by Paul ? Roemer and Robert Lucas, Mengsaier Becker investment in the human capital and the Marxist ideology and thinking of the human resources.The second part is the value analysis of the exploitation of rural human resources. It discusses the practical significance of the exploitation of rural human resources from the new rural construction, building of a harmonious society, peasant incomes and achieving fast development of the rural economy. Rural human resources can be put to effective development, agriculture can be further developed, rural areas can be further stability, and the life of the peasants can be further raised, directly related to a new socialist countryside construction and a harmonious society can be true meaning on the realization. There is no social harmony in rural areas there is no harmony in the community as a whole, not yet fast development of the rural areas, there would be no healthy society as a whole sustainable development.The third part is the problem of rural human resources. At this stage of China's rural human resource, it displays in large base, growing faster, the low level of training and education, backward concepts, poor ability in adapting of marker economy, large disparity between urban and rural areas of human resources, uneven geographical distribution. In addition, the crisis of education in rural areas is a problem that should not be overlooked.The fourth part is the routes of exploitation of rural human resources. In view of the status of rural human resources and the existing problems, the paper presents the ways of exploitation of rural human resources: changing farmers'ideas is the prerequisite and foundation, developing rural education is the core and fundamental way, application of modern information technology is the means and support. So, the huge human resources in rural areas can be transformed into inexhaustible human capital.