| The article is composed of two parts, the first part studied on chemical constituents of the stem-skins of Wikstroemia indica;the second part studied on processing of Gastrodia elata.Part 1: Studies on Chemical Constituents of the stem-skins of Wikstroemia indicaLiao-Ge-Wang, the root ,stem-skins and leaves of Wikstroemia indica(L.) C.A.Mey. (thymelaeaceae), growing in hills and scrub next to the village, mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Sichuan provinces of china, and also distributed in Vietnam and India. As a traditional Chinese herb, this plant has been employed in Chinese medicine as antipyretics, detoxicants, expectorants, vermifuges and aborticides to remedy in clinical carbuncle, rheumatism, pertussis, edema, pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, tonsillitis, parotitis, mastitis, miscarriage and artificial labor, etc for many years. Previous investigations about Wikstroemia indica have reported many types of chemical composition, this plant has long been used to treat disease of respiratory system. Recent researches indicated that a lot of thymelaeaceae plants display antineoplasmic activity, then the researches about them became more and more popular. A systematical investigation on the chemical components of Wikstroemia indica has been performed in order to make better use of the resources of the plant.This part includes two chapters:Chapter 1: Review on the research progress of thymelaeaceae.The correlative researching literature (nearly 40 years) about thymelaeaceae plants, including chemical components and pharmacological effects, etc., have been presented and summarized.Chapter 2: Studies on Chemical Constituents.From the alcoholic extracts of the plant, 19 compounds have been isolated by column chromatographies with silica gel and ODS, and identified by NMR, MS spectra. They are: β-sitosterol (LGW-1) , genkwanin (LGW-2) , umbelliferone (LGW-3) , tricin (LGW-4) , daucosterol ( LGW-5 ) , pinoresinol ( LGW-6 ) , anabellamide ( LGW-7 ) , 6'-hydroxy,7-0-7'-dicoumarin (LGW-8) , sikokianin (LGW-9) , physcion (LGW-10) , 4-(l,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl -1-0-β-D-glucopyranoside ( LGW-11 ) , daphaoretin-7-0-β-D-glucoside (LGW-12) , quercitrin (LGW-13) , sucrose (LGW-14) , D-primev-ersyl genkwanine (LGW-15) , nicotiflorin (LGW-16) , daphnoretin (LGW-17) , docosyl-3-methoxy-4- hydroxyferulate(LGW-18), hexacosoic acid-a-glyceride(LGW-19). Among them, LGW-8 is a new compound, 6 and 12 compounds were isolated from thymelaeaceae plants and this plant for the first time, respectively.Part 2: Studies on processing of Gastrodia elata.Tian-ma, the tuber of Gastrodia elata BI., as a frequently used Chinese herb, has been employed in Chinese medicine as spasmolysant to remedy in clinical headache, vertigo,numbness, epilepsy, tetanus for many years. It mainly distributed in northeast and southwest of China. Phenol compounds and their glycosides such as gastrodine are the main active constituents, and the sterols and polysaccharides also show activities. Pharmacological reseaches indicated that crude drug and gastrodine showed sedative, analgesia and anti-convulsion activity, this plant displaied effect on cardiovascular and immune system also. It was applied extensively as a valuable traditional Chinese drug. During the studies, processing technology, qualitative and quantitative analysis of Gastrodia elata have been carried out.This part includes three chapters:Chaper 1: Review on the research progress of Gastrodia elata.The correlative literature about Gastrodia elata, including herbal historic evolution, processing evolution, plant resources, chemical components, quality control, processing and pharmacological effects, etc, have been presented and analyzed.Chapter 2: Studies on the normalization of processing technology of Gastrodia elata.On the bases of the combination of traditional processing technology and modern science, we have studied on malacic way, desiccative temperature and time of Gastrodia elata., then determined the best processing technology in laboratory. After the manufacture of ten batches of semi-works production, the final processing technology have been formulated.Chapter 3: Studies on Quality standard of Gastrodia elata.The processing technology have been formulated according to ten batches of semi-works production. Compare with quality standard of crude drug( 2005), microscopical identification of powder, HPLC finger print, content limits of acid-indissoluble ash and water soluble extracts have been added. The methodes of identified and assayed, through the presence of gastrodine by means of TLC and HPLC, have been grading-up also.To sum up, a systematical investigation on the chemical components of Wikstroemia indica has been performed, 19 compounds have been isolated. Among them, LGW-8 is a new compound, 6 and 12 compounds were isolated from thymelaeaceae paints and this plant for the first time, respectively. The study on chemical constituents supplies the reliable clue to develop the high-level medicine. Meanwhile, the studies on processing of Gastrodia elata. offer the directions to normalization of manufacture. |
