Pillar Polygonum Anthraquinones Ingredients

Polygonum suffultum Maxim, is a perennial herb which belongs to polygonum polynonaceae. It is also called Jiuniuzao and distributes in Hebei,Shanxi,Henan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Zhejiang, Jiangxi etc. Its rhizome is used as traditional Chinese medicine and it possesses the efficacy of dispelling blood, hemostasis, activating qi, reglating menstruation. It can cure injuries and fracture, over-strained hemoptysis, hematochezia , dysentery , metrorrhagia and metrostaxis , irregular menstruation etc. There is only one report on the research of its chemical constituents by now.The first part of this dissertation surveyed the distribution, chemical constituents and bioactivities of polygonum plants. The genus Polygonum (Polygonaceae) contains about 230 species, distributed all over the world , mostly in N temperate regions. Among the 120 polygonum species in China, about 80 species were recorded to have medicinal uses in traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicine, such as P. multiforum Thunb. , P. cuspidatum Sieb.Et Zucc. , P.orientale L. , P. hydropiper L. , P. bistorta, P. tinctorium Lour, P. aviculare L. , P. perfoliatum L. etc. The researches on chemical constitunents and pharmacological activities of polygonum plants began at 1980s. Reported chemical constituents including flavonoids, anthraquinones, stilbenes, sterids and terpenoids etc. And these compounds are commonly extracted by methanol or ethanol, and separated by silica gel column chromatography and reverse phase chromatography. Structure determination are based on the chemical methods and spectral evidences especial 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The studies shows that the bioactivities of genus polygonum mainly are antiinflammation, antisepsis, antioxidation, antitumor, pesticidal activities, improve micro-circulation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, liver-protection, hypoglycemic activity.The second part reported the chemical study on Polygonum suffultum Maxim. The powder of the rhizome was refluxed by alcohol and the extract was condensed in vacuo. The concentrate was extracted with chloroform. The extract was separated by CCD method and silica gel dry column chromatography. Five anthraquinones were isolated form it. By chemical methods and spectral evidences, they are identified as emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloe-emodin, physcion. The aloe-emodin and physcion were found from this plant the first time.