Chemical Study Of The Active Ingredient Of Ginseng Total Saponins From Fruit

In this paper 13 compounds were isolated from the fruits of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer by modern technologies of extraction, isolation, purification and identification, such as D₁₀₁ macroporous absorption resin (MAR), silica gel-column chromatography, sephadex LH-20 and octadecylsilane (ODS). The structures of 13 compounds have been established and 12 compounds have identified on the basis of physico-chemical and spectrographic evidence in the fruits of Panax ginseng C.A. They were ginsenoside-Rb₁ (Ⅰ), ginsenoside-Rb3 (Ⅱ), ginsenoside-Rd (Ⅲ), ginsenoside-Re (Ⅳ), ginsenoside-Rg₁ (Ⅴ), ginsenoside-Rg2 (Ⅵ), 20(R)-ginsenoide-Rg3 (Ⅶ), β -sitosterol (Ⅷ) ,daucosterine (Ⅸ), 20 (R)-dammarane-3 β,6 ,12 β,20,25- pentol(Ⅹ), 20 (R)-dammarane-3 β,12 β,20,25-tetrol(Ⅺ), 20(R)-protopanaxatriol(Ⅻ) and compound( i).This paper detected the content of ginsenoside-Rg₃ in the fruits of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer of samples of different habitats by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). And the results showed that the content of the index are highest in the sample of Xinbin of Liaoning province.The different optimum hydrolytic conditions of the fruits of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were determined by L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design and the content of total sapogenin with 20(S)-panaxadiol as index was detected by the thin-layer chromatography scanning(TLCS). Concentration of hydrochloric acid, reaction temperature, reaction time and liquor amount were selected with substitution degree and yield as index by L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design. Results showed that the condition with HCl concentration of 21%, reaction temperature of 70℃, reaction time of 6 hours, liquor amount of 10 times was the optimum.