Yang Xiong "dialect" Word Transmutation Research

Fang Yan is the first dialect book in Chinese and in the world, which records vocabularies of many regions and reflects dialectic phenomenons of Han Dynasty. It's important to the study of Chinese dialectology and lericology which should not be substitutied for.And today, It's still valuable datas for us to study the development of Chinese vocabularies.The thesis begins with Yang Xiong's Fang Yan and takes advantage of ancient books that speak of dialectic vocabularies in history. At last it puts in a nutshell in Xian Dai Han YU Ci Dian and Xian Dai Han Yu Fang Yan Da Ci Dian .rnaily using a diachronic and vertical comparison studying method. Trying to grasp the difference in times and regions of vocabularies in Fang Yan from Xi Han Dynasty to modern time.we discuss the locus of historical evolution of these vocabularies. And we try to make some foundtion work for the study of the historic evolution of Chinese dialectic vocabularies.The thesis consists of five parts.Part one: IntroductionIn this part.we illustrate an important feature of Fan Yan that some characters only show pronunciations and can't express different characters. So we should not only rigidly adhere to fonts when we judge the relationships between archaisms and modern Chinese vocabularies.The edition of Fang Yan which we use is Fang Yan Jiao Man Ji Tong Jian which was edited by Zhou Zumo and Wu Xiaoling and published by Sience Publishing House in 1956.Part two:The Selection of Vocabularies Which We Study In Fang YanIn order to compare with modern Chinese conveniently in regions.the thesis only choose the vocabularies which have clear regions and can transform into the clear regions today when we syudy the historical evolution of vocabularies in Fang Yan. In the end we choose 767 vocabularies in order to determine the evolutionary relationship between them and modern vocabularies.Part Three: The Type of Evolution of Vocabularies in Fang YanThere are 184 vocabularies which continue to use today in these 767 vocabularies which we determined. We divide these 184 vocabularies into five types according to their differences of position in vocabularity system of ancient and modern Chinese,which are:dialects-*-modern Chinese Common Languages;Common Languages-rnodern Chinese Common Languages;dialects-rnodern Chinese dialects;Common Languages-*modern Chinese dialects;Dialects (Common Languages)-*modern Chinese Languages of written formThen we expand respectively related vocabularies according to these five types,ganging up with the changing course of their vocabularity positions from ancient time to today.And we try to sum up something regular from their evolutions.Part Four: The Comparison of Dialectic Vocabularies in Fang Yan, Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Guo Pu's Fang Yan ZhuThese three books reflect respectively many actual dialectic features of Xi Han,before A.D.I20 in Dong Han and Xi Jin. At the same time their linguistic accomplishments of these three authors are relatively believable. In order to reveal clearly the evolution of dialectic vocabularies from Xi Han to XI Jin, we compares the vocabularies which have clear and corresponding rigeons in these three books.Part Five: ConclusionOn the basis of part three and part four,we drow these conclusions.Firstly,from the angle of the evolution of the sense of the word, the meanings of most dialectic vocabularies in Fang Yan keep relative stable from Xi Han to Xi Jin.And a little of them change in meanings. Their meanings enlarge,or narrow,or transform.Secondly,from the angle of the flow of the dialect.the dialect of Qin Jin has the largest influence on modem Chinese Common Language than the other dialects, although it has less effect on Common Language of Xi Jin than that of Chu. The dialects in North China have blended inside and have tended to unanimous. At the same time,the dialects between the North and South China have moved each other. And the main tendency is the flowing from north to south. The number of dialectic vocabularies in Fang4...