The Organic Unity Of The Scientific Spirit And The Human Spirit: Contemporary Interpretations Of Marxist Philosophy

There are two annotated editions of Marxist philosophy at present, one is by the scientific school and another is by the humanistic school. According to the scientific school's annotation, Marxist philosophy is the knowledge about general law of the world, pays attention to "explaining" the reality, answers the question of "what to be", and embodies chiefly the scientific spirits. While according to the humanistic school's annotation, Marxist philosophy is a theory concerning human fate and liberation, is interested in "remolding" the reality and answers the question of "should to be". These two schools controvert against each other in domestic and foreign countries. This thesis tries to annotate the Marxist philosophy from a new angle that is an organic unity of scientific spirits and humanistic spirits, and that we should use this annotation as a standard in the process of our cognition and practice of the contemporary era.From the thesis's point of view, the scientific spirits and humanistic spirits manifest two deferent attitudes which people showed out in the course of handling the nature and their own relationship. Follow by the objective principle, scientific spirits reflects human submission and conformability to objective reality, emphasizes the objectivity between subject and object, seeks the law and the necessity of social phenomena. Adhering to the subjective principle, humanistic spirits embodies the objective reality submission and conformability to human, stresses on the subjectivity between subject and object, goes after the rationality and purposefulness of social phenomena. Characterized by practical materialism, and based on sublating Hegel's idealism and Feuerbach's humanism, Marxist philosophy established the historical materialism and theory of surplus value, "explained " the social laws. Because of doing this, it has the scientific sprits. Furthermore, it also has humanistic sprits because it proposed the doctrine of alienation in labor for eliminating human unequal,sought the proletariat for accomplishing a historic mission, designed the ideal communist society, put forward "striding across the capitalist society" for solving people's development in the east, and devoted itself to "remolding" the world. Marxist philosophy unifies the scientific spirits and humanistic spirits on the basis of integrating the mode of objective thinking and that of subjective thinking.The unity of the scientific spirits and humanistic spirits in Marxist philosophy is a unity of way and purpose. Around with the purpose of human liberating and developing freely and comprehensively, historical materialism and theory of surplus value and scientific communism have all pointed out a correct way of overturning the capitalist society and realizing human liberation and development.The unity of the scientific spirits and humanistic spirits in Marxist philosophy is also a dialectical and a contradictory unity based on practice. The features of conforming with the laws of world, of conforming with the purposes of people and of developing contradictorily about laws and purposes in human practice cause the scientific spirits and humanistic spirits unified dialectically in Marxist philosophy.