On The Improvement Of The Status Of The Early Southern Song Dynasty Generals Powers

In the early days of Southern Song, Nvzhen minorities threatening and domestic rebellion parallel, Zhao Song Dynasty can not sustain itself, The remaining power of the military is not enough to depend upon. In such situation, the Zhao government had to change its traditional laws of "putting emphasis on literature and constraining on the military officer" for the moment, in order to simulate the military officer to reject the Jin government and put down the domestic rebellion, therefore, The status of military officer in the early period of Southern Song was much higher than in Northern Song.The article consists of four chapters. In the first one, the author classifies and analyzes the origin of the military officer in Southern Song. There are main three types about the origination: the generational military officer, the soldiers-promoted, the returned and the consoled. The second one states the authority and the position of the military officers in Northern Song. In order to get over the disadvantage of the abruption in the late Tang Dynasty and Wudai, the governors take a series of political measures and ancestor legislations to guard and limit the militarism, such as "advocating magistrate and controlling military", "driving the swordsmen through the civilian", keep their authority faded out. It reaches to the lowest lever at SongRenZong Age. The third is the core of this paper, including six parts, which discusses the improvement on the military officers' status in the early days of Southern Song. The author gives the systematic discussion on this phenomenon, which is different from the Northern Song. In the last one, the author analyzes the reasons and the influence on the improved military officers' status. On one hand, combining the political and economic situation of the early days of Southern Song, the respective state of Song and Jin and then- self-constructions, the author reckons the reasons. On the other hand, the influence on the early days of Southern Song lies in: Southern Song may be confronted with Jin each other in JiangNan. Owing to withdrawing the military leadership secondly and forming Qinhui group, the Southern Song government becomes more gloomy. The contradictions between the militaries and the magistrates are intensified. In addition, the militaries have conflict of interest.On account of the ancestor legislation being in grain, Song governors insist that controlling military is a magic government weapon at all times, hi the early days of Southern Song, the special temporary situations upgrade the military. However, on the condition of the compromise each other and the withdrawing the military leadership secondly, the military officers' status falls back, the relationship between Jin and Song correlates to the military officer' authority, "advocating magistrate and controlling military" is constantly the kingcraft of Song Dynasty till its perdition.