Russian And Chinese Existential Sentences Comparative Study

Contrast is a basic method of language study. In the course of studing foreign languages, the contrast of the same or different phonomena betw-een a mother tongue and a foreign language will great promote the study of the latter. As a general but particular sentence pattern, existential sente-nces(ETS) exist with a large number in Russian and in Chinese. The contr- ast of ETS between Russian and Chinese will strengthen the understanding of Russian ETS. The purpose of this paper lies in the study of similarity and difference between Russian and Chinese ETS.Reality of the study. The subject of this paper is chosen according to its present study at home. Untill now, few scholars in Russian linguistic field in China have made a complete and systematic contrastive study bet-ween Russian and Chinese ETS. The author wishes to enrich the study of it by writing this paper.Purpose and task of the study. The purpose of this paper is to show the similarity and difference between Russian and Chinese ETS and furth-er reveal the causes of the difference between the two. Accordingly, the following problems are needed to solve in this paper.⑴the definition of the concepts of Russian and Chinese ETS;⑵the description of the formal structures of Russian and Chinese ETS;⑶the description of the meanings of Russian and Chinese ETS;⑷the description of the functions of Russian and Chinese ETS.Method of the study. The study of this paper is based on Russian and takes Chinese as references. The contrast of forms,meanings and fun-ctions between Russian and Chinese ETS are made positively and negati-vely by the use of a large number of examples.Academic novelty of this paper. What is most remarkable in this pa-per is the revelation of the causes of the differences between Russian and Chinese ETS.Conclusion of this paper. We draw such a conclusion by contrast: Russian and Chinese ETS have many similar aspects, which shows that the thinking of human beings has something in common; many different aspe-cts also exist, which shows that language is characterized by nationality. And this nationality is created by different modes of thinking.The structure of this paper. This paper consists of six parts in addit- ion to appendix, references and acknowlegements.Part One is introdution, which tells the background of the contrastive study in linguistics and the implicature of "existing".Part Two defines the range of the concept of Russian and Chinese ETS and introduces the situation of the studies respectively.Part Three and Part Four are the center of this paper. These two parts tell us the contrast between Russian and Chinese ETS positively and negat-ively. Part Three is the most important of all, which includes the proposal of the three structural components of ETS—existential locations, existenti-al verbs and existential nouns. The semantic contrast of the three structural components are laid special emphasis on. Part Five makes an analysis of the causes leading to the differences between Russian and Chinese ETS.Part Six is the conclusion.