The U.s. Government (1847 ~ 1896), The Utah Mormon Policy

America is an emigrant country. In the past a lot of people from Europe came to North America at risk. Many people came here for the reason of their native religious persecution besides politic and economic factors. So they were thirsty for freedom of religious belief and they could tolerate new religious factions much more than other nations. America began to separate state and religion since the foundation of country, and treated every faction equally. It carried out the policy that shouldn't sustain or interfere with every faction and mustn't found Establishment. The reasons above that becomes the Heaven that many people who believed in religion pursued. The religious tolerance along with freedom and democracy becomes one of the spirit that American are proud of, but the religious tolerance is very limited, whose preconditions are that shouldn't harm American constitutional polity and interest bloc. Once some faction breached the limit, the religious belief will disappear. The thesis analyzed the conflict of federal government and Mormon Church, which makes us understand American religious policy further. There includes three parts in the text. Part one narrates historic background and basic religious rules and Mormon Church, which makes us know the Mormon Church wholly. I narrate the development of the Mormon Church early in New York, Ohio, Missouri and Illinois and then analyzed the reason that Mormons suffered the persecutions. Part tow is main body. Firstly I analyzed the specific the reasons that Mormons suffered in Utah, which I discussed in five aspects, namely polity, economy, religious culture, Indian and emigrant policy, especially emphasized the factors of polity and economy, and then narrated the course of conflict that federal government and Mormon Church. I mainly discussed "Morrill Act", "Poland Act", "Edmunds anti-Polygamy Act", "Edmunds-tucker Act". Federal government gradually deprived Mormon Church of politic and economic power in Utah by the means of legislature. At last federal government beat Mormon Church, but the conflict damaged judicatory justness of federal government. American civil power and religious freedom were questioned. Even that, the authority of federal government, well-established constitutional polity were protected. A lot of labor and property of Mormon Church was damaged. Part Three narrated the development of Mormon Church after it gave up the theocratic polity. Mormon Church succeeded in economy, which made it have rather influence in Utah. But Mormon Church remembered the early lesson, and it seldom take part in politic activity, and what's more it does its best to establish harmonious relations to other religious factions. Continuously innovating and fitting to main society is the direction of the Mormon Church.