Through Justice And Benevolence

Cheng Hao is a famous philosopher of Song Dynasty, who and Chung Yi is called "THE BROTHERS CHENG". Lu chiu-yuan's School of Mind ( Hsin hsueh ) and Chu His school of Principle ( Li hsueh ) were influenced by the two brothers respectively. They are important to the history of Song-Ming Li hsueh. Cheng Hao disputed to learn something word by word and didn't set up a system of school. In addition to his earlier death than his brother, few articles of him were passed down. On the contrary Chung Yi wrote some books and what he said were also written down by his students, so most of us regard the two brother's school as one, and Cheng Hao played an unimportant role in history. The paper wants to attract more scholars join in research of Cheng Hao, put the study of Cheng Hao's idea to a higher step, and bring a truer Neo-Confucianism to the descendant.In the foreword, the paper firstly introduces the status quo of the study of Cheng Hao, and then you can know about the background of his living time, so you will know the problems he faced and had to solve, which were pondered by the prominent people that time. As well known, at the beginning of Song Dynasty, the rulers seized the power of the leaders, and the army was weakened at the same time. And in economy, the contradiction became sharpened for the land was divided and plundered. Further more, some minorities set up their own regime. Some people wanted to change the poor and weak situation by reformation because of the crisis. The doctrine of Cheng Hao is the result of the time and reflected it just like some others' theory. While, there is some difference in his doctrine-looking into heaven's principle and all the things by mind-beyond the former.The fist part of the article is about heaven's principle. In his theory, heaven's principle is the final causes of the whole universe, and either the grass at the foot of step or the fish in the basin is lively. All the things in the earth can't exist without heaven's principle, which was supposed by both of the brothers. But, they couldn't agree on the relation between principle and ether: in Chung Yi's opinion, principle was separated from ether, while Cheng Hao attempted to approve that Principle and Ether couldn't be divided, and value their status through discussing the relationship between matter. Heaven's principle can be called Tao too, and Tao exists in heaven and human being. Benevolence appears when a man understands what heaven's principle is.So in the second part ,with an explanation of Benevolence ,the paper points out his...