Yuan Dynasty, The Hui People Three Questions

This paper is mostly made up of three sects: the immigration of Huihui (Muslims) and their Islamic customs' transformation,the Huihui of Hangzhou in Yuan dynasty and the review of tendency in becoming Chinese,In order to make a summary of Huihui people summarily and weightily.And still I want to put my own opinion about the issue.From the 7 th century, muslims of Arab came to China for trading and traveling along the seaway and roadway, they also spreaded Islam at the sametime. So Islam was spreaded in Tang, Song and Yuan dynasty mainly. The great deal of Huihui immigrated to China during Yuan dynasty, they were distributed everywhere and a lot of mosques were built at that time. Most of those Muslims kept their believe in mind and didn't want to transform the custom. So the mass of them were heavenly-mindedness. The Chinese cognition of Islam and Muslim can be speculated during the Chinese recordation. About the Muslim's adaptation to Chinese custom, I think we can infer in dogmata and teaching. The Muslims used the Confucianism to explain Islam, and followers changed the ceremony in Chinese way, and even the imam system in China, those kind of things were different from the Muslim's adaptation to Chinese custom. Then we explain the Hangzhou Muslims in Yuan dynasty. Hangzhou is the capital of Jiangzhe province during Yuan dynasty, there are lots of Muslims. In this thesis, I set a hypothesis of the Huihui population, and introduced the Muslim character, mosque in recordation. And then I introduced the officeholder in Hangzhou. Since the material aboutMuslims are so rare, we can only make the conjecture through limited material.So we move to the third part of this thesis: the review of tendency in becoming Chinese of Huihui people.Because of the historical background,"The research of westerner's Chinesenization of Yuan dynasty"by fomous historian Chenyuan in 1923, almost everyone believed that the Huihui all became to Chinese.But it is not the truth.According to the circumstances of Huihui,we can confer that Muslims were always gathering in some places,and sometimes had discrepancy with Han people.I think there are three major points of the transformation: (1) apart from the colony;(2)affected by Chinese mothers and their relatives;(3) imperial examinations.The Huihui in Chinese recordations were very different from the real one just because those recordations were written by Han scholars,who reject the policy which were formulated by Huihui officers.But on the other hand,the scholars always preached up the Muslims who had the Chinese names,which can be seen in those recordations.In the end,I think the Huihui in Yuan dynasty had non-close relationship with Han people.Most westerners were mixed by Mongolian dominator,they were all called "Huihui", Mongolian didn't know the difference.So after Yuan dynasty,the Huihui people were striked heavily,they all changed their names and concealed in Han people colony. Inasmuch as the assimilation crisis,scholars in Huihui people aroused the identification consciousness during Ming dynasty.So the Hui people appeared in China finally.