Zhaoliang Dong And Wu Sangui Rebellion Study

Liangdong Zhao (1621-1697) lived in a period of dynasty change when Manchu united China after Ming Empire being defeated. He came through many historic events and exerted his talent and stratagem in this special period. Liangdong Zhao attended the war to unite China for Qing dynasty. Then he made great contribution in the war to put down the rebellion by Sangui Wu. His talent grew in the uniting war. And the contribution to the war to put down rebellion made him famous. The latter is the most important historic achievement in Zhao's life.Based on previous study, this paper tries to probe into this historic character and focus on the process in which Zhao attended putting down rebellion war. Via probing into Zhao's activity in the war, this paper is expected to achieve two targets: firstly, presenting his major story in detail and profundity via activities in rebellion war; secondly clarifying some historic clew of Sangui Wu's rebellion via Zhao's activities. This paper discusses major life stories in four chapters diachronically.The first chapter discourses upon the stories in Liangdong Zhao's early life including differentiation and analysis on Zhao's ancestry, going on expeditions to Shaanxi, Gansu, Yuannan, Guizhou in Shunzhi time, assuming the office of garrison commander in Yuannan, Guizhou, Datong (in Shanxi province) and Tianjin. Focus is put on the stories when he was under the administration of Sangui Wu to discuss the strategy of Xuanyue (Emperor of Qing dynasty) to stellenbosch and draw in subordinates of Wu.Second chapter discusses the northwest crisis after Sangui Wu and Fucheng Wang's rebellion and contributions by Han generals in northwest. Under the background of Ningxia mutiny and deadlock in northwest, this paper also presents the process of Zhao's taking up the post of Ningxia prefect and suppressing Ningxia, as well as Zhao's effect in this processes.The third chapter discusses the situation in which Liangdong Zhao initiates to suppress Hannan (Xing'an, Hanzhong,Shaanxi province), captures Chengdu and defenses Chuannan(south Sichuan), Chuanxi(west Sichuan) with isolated force. The focuses of this chapter are: Zhao initiated to suppress Hannan when other Han generals were lack of enterprising; Qing attacked Hannan with two armies instead of four armies; Zhao suppressed the rebellion in Chuannan and Chuanxi with isolated army and then governed these areas; Zhao gave ground later.Fourth chapter discusses the processes in which Liandong Zhao reoccupies Chuannan and Chuanxi and pacificates Yunnan. This chapter also probes into Zhao's kind and enmity with Jinbao Wang, Dan Wu, Tai Zhang, etc. in suppressing Wu's rebellion. As a Han general, Zhao's censuring milistrary exploit system of the "Eight Banner" and Manchuria affairs induces his offending the principle of "Manchuria first".In concluding chapter, this author sums up the life stories of Liangdong Zhao. Then the author extends the meaning of Zhao's offending "Manchuria first" and treat of Zhao's personality.