Antisense Compound Word Vocabulary Process Of Semantic Development

Two-syllable-antonym-compounds is the paratactic compound word that consists of two monosyllabic antonyms, which is different from the normal compound words both in structure and meaning.Two-syllable-antonym-compounds mostly descend from phrases. The study is undergone by the materials which come mainly from the Dictionary of Modern Chinese Lexicon(《现代汉语词典》) and the Large Dictionary of Chinese Lexicon(《汉语大词典》), and by the principle of theory which bases on cognitive linguistics as well as conceptual elements analysis. A series of issues will be discussed below:Firstly, I would like to talk about the semantic change at the influence of metaphor. As we all know, people often cognize, think, and experience abstract conception, according to the concrete conception which they are familiar with close to them. I will analyze several instances to show the impact of metaphor on semantic change.Secondly, I would like to analyze some instances to reveal the impact of metonymy on semantic change. Metonymy is just like metaphor, but not the same, such as it generally leads to the transform of word class. By analyzing carefully, we find that there are 86 words transforming their word class, in which the number of predicate phrases transforming to nouns is 44, being in the majority, the number of predicate phrases to predicate words is 16, and the number of nominal phrases to predicate words is 11, the least. As a whole, the number of substantival phrases transforming to substantival words is 72, namely 83.7%; correspondingly, the number of substantival phrases transforming to empty words is 14, namely 16.3%, which is not a large part, but having a higher degree of lexicalization.Thirdly, the phenomenon of semantic bleaching would be noticed. Semantic bleaching is usually regarded as semantic abrasion. As far as the two-syllable-antonym-compounds is concerned, after long using time, one of its components possibly gets semantic abrasion, and lost finally. As a result, this form just plays a role as cipher in algorism. We call the two-syllable-antonym-compounds at this status as compound with the meaning inclined one word, which number is 29 in all 208 two-syllable-antonym-compounds.In the fourth part of this paper, I would like to give a lexicalization cline which includes five stages.And finally, a briefly conclusion and consideration of some problems countered in this paper will be made.