On The Theory Of Kant's Transcendental Illusion

Immannal Kant, originator of the German classical philosophy, is a very important figure in the ever-developing history of Western philosophy. He not only tried to reconcile the differences and confrontation between the two schools of modern western philosophy which was British empiricism and rationalism of the mainland, but also was the earliest person who reconsidered and criticized rationalism which was the mainstream way of thinking in classical philosophy. He analyzed and exposed the limitations of ration, thus destroyed the foundation of traditional metaphysics. All these achievements were revealed by Kant's Transcendental Illusion Theory.Transcendental Illusion Theory is the main content of transcendental dialectic in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (CPR). Academic circle paid more attention to transcendental analysis, and thus resulted in the relative ignorance of the academic value of transcendental dialectic and insufficient attention to the theoretical significance of transcendental illusion before. This paper gives transcendental illusion a systematical analysis from its concepts analysis, modes, characteristics, solution, theoretical significance and contribution to post philosophy, etc., so as to draw academic circle's attention to transcendental illusion theory.Transcendental illusions are invalid ideas mistaken by the transcendent employment of categories as concepts of the understanding and the pretension nature of human reason. In this respect, Kant's transcendental illusion and Francis Bacon's Idols of the Tribe have something in common, and they both expose human reason's limitation in detail. Based on the research of Leibniz-Wolf's philosophical system and the analysis of category deduction, Kant divided transcendental illusions into three kinds, namely illusion of soul from psychological idea, illusion of world from cosmological idea and illusion of God from theological idea. Transcendental illusions have three concrete modes, and these are correlative and integrative with distinctive characteristics of inevitability, wholeness and function-duality. That transcendental illusion is inevitable does not mean men can do nothing with it, and Kant proposed the distinction of dualism and the suspension of illusion to stop its deception to human thinking. By this systematic analysis, this paper concludes that transcendental illusion theory pronounces the Ontological tendency in Kan's philosophy and that transcendental illusion is a transferring bridge for Kant from theoretical reason to practical reason and from physic-metaphysics to moral metaphysics. Besides, transcendental illusion theory produces important influences to Hegel's positive dialectic and irrationalism and ante-metaphysics tendency in contemporary philosophy.The innovation this paper has is as follows: (1) give my own opinion on transcendental illusion theory's duality and inevitability and its solution in Kant's philosophical system, and in this part the author will use analytical method; (2) through the analysis of transcendental illusion theory, it gives right evaluation to Kant's philosophy in guarding against traditional metaphysics hitherto and for any future moral metaphysics with critique as a method and transcendental illusion as an agent.