Evolution Of The Local Political System In The Early Qing Dynasty In Tibet

From 1642 to 1793, about half century, the political system of Tibet place was evolving unceasingly. From the early separation of church and state to the late theocracy,experienced several development stages such as the joint power of the upper classes of Mongolia and Tibet, the power controlled by Mongolian leaders, the power controlled only by Tibetan nobles, political and church affairs managed by the high commissioners and Dalai Lama and so on, which is a process of unceasing evolving. Analyzing such process clearly has much importance for understanding the formation of Tibet place political system and connection with Qing Dynasty.At the end of the Ming dynasty and beginning of Qing Dynasty, GeLug sect of Tibet was oppressed by GeMaGeJu and Dixi zangba Khan, falling into the dangerous situation, and asked help to Gushi Khan of Mongolia weitela。Gushi Khan Defeated Quetu Khan of Qinghai,baili Chieftain of kang area and zangba Khan,and became the leader of Tibet。After in charge of the area of Yellow River, Qing Dynasty acknowledged to the Gushi Khan and 5th Dalai's original authority and awarded them, a subordinate relationship was Established between Tibet and Qing Dynasty. At this point, Tibet place was in power jointly by the Mongolian aristocrats and the Tibetan national minority upper formation。After Gushi Khan died, the Mongolian king's rule in Tibet was not exist. Until Lazang Khan, Great-grandson of Gushi Khan, entered Tibet and defeated Sangjiejiacuo, Mongolia leader had only then controlled Tibet's dominant power authority. The Junggar leader Cewangalabutan dispatched troops Sneak attack Lhasa, and defeated Lazang Khan, Established the Junggar's military regime.but the Junggar ruled cruelly, and wanted to revolt, finally been defeated by Emperor Kangxi. Afterward, The Qing Dynasty ruler decision in power alone by minority aristocrat upper of Tibet, and authorized five galoins to manage Tibet place political affairs, but the five galoins battled mutually, so"the Aerbuba event"happended. Qing Dynasty sealed Poluonai who governed the Tibet place comprehensive business alone. During Poluonai's government, Tibet place development was stable, when his son Zhuermotenmuzhale ruled, he actually repeled the dissident, did arbitrary administration, and the relation with Dalai Lama, the common custom aristocrat and high commissioner stationed in Tibet was rapid destroyed, finally he was killed by high commissioner stationed in Tibet. then Qing Dynasty decision authorized high commissioner stationed in Tibet and Dalai Lama jointly governing politics and church business. "Tibet Damage control Regulation" and "Authorized Regulations for the Better Governing of Tibet" stipulated Tibet place the theocracy system.This thesis confirmed the massive grasped historical data, systematically introduced the mentioned history situation with comparison analytic method,historical analytic method and historical deductive method,clearly showed the Gelug sect theocracy establishment process under the management of Qing Dynasty , comprehensively manifested the real situation of Tibet place politics pattern, thus judged that"the theocracy"system's evolution in Tibet place in earlier period of Qing Dynasty was one chinese domestic political system's evolution under the central political power leadership. It drawn that Gelug sect theocracy's rule in Tibet place was gradually formed under the Qing Dynasty leadership.By developing Tibet place political system evolution process in earlier period of Qing Dynasty, this thesis not only has defined clearly Gelug sect"the theocracy"history question on academic, and has also revealed internal and external minority Tibetan independence members'talk about 5th Dalai to be"the independent country"head of the theocracy and distortment wantonly to the history in politics by the conclusive historical evidence.