Relationship Of Entering Tibet Traffic Line And Military Security In The Qing Dynasty Tibet

As a geographic name of specific territorial scope, "Tibet" starts from the Qing Dynasty. the scope was similar to current Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet in the Qing Dynasty was situated at the southwest border area, it's next to the Qing Dynasty's Xinjiang, Xining, Sichuan and Yunnan, was the Qingchuan Yunnan's safety barrier; Buddhism took root in Tibet native place, it gradually formed a religious belief pattern centering on Tibet and affecting the entire Mongolia's. Therefore Tibet has the special significance in the stablity of the border area and national security of the Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty Tibet was the connection area of the many kinds of strengthes, its periphery distributed the numerous influences, these influences and Tibet interior strength clique made the security crisis unceasingly to control Tibet. In the Qing Dynasty, Tibet had big security crisis for seven times, each time, the crisis was followed a even multiple military action. Tibet located at the center of southwestern Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the altitude is high, the terrain is complex, the choice of transportation line of entrance to Tibet is very important to the military action victory.In the Qing Dynasty,transportation to Tibet was divided into two large-scale systems, named inland and outside entrance to the Tibet. The former mainly includes the lines from Qinghai Sichuan, Yunnan and Xinjiang to Tibet, the latter including the lines from Ladake, Gurkha, Zhemengxiong, the Brucker Pakistan, the Assum area, which were at the northwest, southeast South of Tibet.These routes had an important influence to the safety of Tibet, each security crisis, all kinds of military actions to Tibet were through these routes. Through studying these routes, we could find some regular relationship between Tibet security and the transportation in the Qing Dynasty.Among the military actions involving Tibet security, most of them were through the Chuan-zang communication line and the line from southern Tibet, they made an most important influence on Tibet safety.Investigating its reason, in the Qing Dynasty, comparing other inland lines, Sichuan and Tibet transportation had more ways to Tibet and had advantage in the condition of economy and population along the way. Therefore it was the first choice route to Tibet successfully; Comparing other outside lines, the line from southern Tibet has two advantages.On one hand, the rivers here had more deep lateral erosion to sources,Some reached the northern foothill of the Himalaya Mountains and the paths were relatively smooth; On the other hand, it's closest to Tibet political centers Tashilhunpo and Lhasa.So,Sichuan-Tibet communication line and the communication line from the southern Tibet played the most important role in Tibet's security in the Qing Dynasty.