The Relationship Between Trait Anxiety And Risk Decision-making And Its Influencing Factors

The study investigated 458 undergraduates (296 for revising questionnaire, 162 for formal study) using questionnaire and experiment, the results suggested: (1) Revised Anxiety Control Questionnaire and Optimism Scale had good reliability and validity. Anxiety Control Questionnaire contained three factors : emotion control, threat control and stress control. Optimism Scale contained positive events and negative outcomes. Besides, risk appraisals were measured by the likelihood and intensity of positive and negative outcomes, as well as control over these outcomes. (2) After controlling depress, we observed a negative relationship between trait anxiety and risk decision-making significantly. (3) Sex and trait anxiety had significant interaction on risk decision. Different sexes had significant differences on risk decision in high anxiety, but had no significant differences in low anxiety. There was a significant relationship between trait anxiety and risk decision for the female, but no significant relationship for the male. (4) Major and trait anxiety had significant interaction on risk decision. Different majors had significant differences on risk decision in low anxiety, and didn't have significant differences in high anxiety. There was a significant relationship between trait anxiety and risk decision for students of science, and no significant relationship for students of arts. (5) Perceived control of anxiety, generalized self-efficacy might mediate the relationship between trait anxiety and risk decision. Trait anxiety had an indirect effect on risk decision through generalized self-efficacy; Trait anxiety had an indirect effect on risk decision through perceived control of anxiety; Trait anxiety had an indirect effect on risk decision first through perceived control of anxiety, and then through generalized self-efficacy.