The Effect Of Trait And State Self-control On Risk Decision In Gamble Context

Successful self-control can help us succeed.Failure self-control can make us easy to make risk decisions.After experiencing risk decision-making,it will have a certain impact on subsequent choice behavior.In the case of loss,individuals are more inclined to risk seeking and risk aversion in the case of return.Self-control can be divided into two types: trait self-control and state self-control.The influence of trait self-control on people is relatively stable,while state self-control will change with the change of environment.This study explored the influence of trait self-control and state self-control on risk decision-making,and the decision-making differences of self-control individuals after experiencing different risks.The first study explored the influence of trait self-control on risk decision-making,which was divided into Experiment 1 and experiment 2.In the first study,the trait self-control scores measured in the Trait Self-Control Scale were used to divide the subjects into high trait self-control group and low trait self-control group.Then the cup task paradigm was used to measure the risk decision-making of the subjects.In experiment 1,it was assumed that risk decision-making was affected by trait self-control level,and there were individual differences,which were related to different risk levels and feedback results.The experiment was designed with three factors: trait self-control(low self-control,high self-control)* risk level(adverse risk,favorable risk)* feedback results(win,lose).Among them,trait self-control belongs to the variables among the subjects,and risk level and feedback results belong to the variables within the subjects.The results show that the risk decision-making of individuals with low trait self-control is significantly higher than that of individuals with high trait self-control after experiencing such situations as risk adverse feedback results as loss,risk favorable feedback results as win,risk favorable feedback results and feedback results as loss,etc.The risk decision-making of individuals with low trait self-control is significantly higher than that of individuals with high trait self-control.In experiment 2,it was assumed that there were individual differences in risk decision-making affected by trait self-control level under different feedback time,and they were related to different risk levels and feedback results.Feedback time was added to the experiment.Feedback time was divided into immediate feedback(0.5s)and delayed feedback(1.5s).Trait self-control(low self-control,high self-control)*risk level(risk is unfavorable,risk is advantageous)*feedback results(win,lose)*feedback time(instant feedback,delayed feedback)four-factor mixed experimental design was adopted.The results show that in the trait-based self-control group,whether high-trait self-control or low-trait self-control,the risk decision-making of the low-trait self-control group and the high-trait self-control group is more than that of the delayed self-control group when the risk-beneficial feedback results are win and the feedback time is immediate.Study 2 explores the influence of state self-control on risk decision-making,which is divided into Experiment 3 and experiment 4.In the second study,the classical intertemporal decision task paradigm was used to measure the level of state self-control.According to the AUC value obtained in the intertemporal decision task,the subjects were divided into high-state self-control group and low-state self-control group.Then the risk decision-making behavior of high-state self-control group and low-state self-control group was measured by cup task paradigm.In experiment 3,it was assumed that risk decision-making was affected by the level of state self-control,and there were individual differences,which were related to different risk levels and feedback results.The experiment was designed with three factors: state self-control(low self-control,high self-control)*risk level(adverse risk,favorable risk)*feedback results(win,lose).The results show that the risk decision-making of low-state self-control individuals is significantly higher than that of high-state individuals after experiencing the conditions that risk adverse feedback results are win and risk adverse feedback results are lose.Self-control individuals.In experiment 4,it was assumed that under different feedback time,risk decision-making was affected by the level of state self-control,and there were individual differences,which were related to different risk levels and feedback results.In this experiment,the state self-control(low self-control,high self-control)* risk level(adverse risk,favorable risk)* feedback result(win,lose)* feedback time(instant feedback,delayed feedback)four-factor mixed experimental design was adopted.The instant feedback time was 0.5s,and the delayed feedback time was 1.5s.The results showed that in the low-level group of state self-control,there was risk experienced.The risk decision made after instant feedback is significantly greater than that made after delayed feedback when the benefit feedback result is the condition of losing,while the risk decision made after instant feedback is significantly larger than that made after delayed feedback when the risk adverse feedback result is the condition of losing in the high group of state self-control.The results of this study show that,regardless of the individual's trait self-control or state self-control,the individual will have risk seeking in the case of gambling loss,risk aversion in the case of gambling win,risk seeking after favorable conditions,risk aversion after unfavorable conditions,and risk decision-making behavior of low-self-control individuals is significantly more than that of low-self-control individuals.Individuals with high self-control show that there is a framework effect under this risk decision-making.Influenced by feedback time,whether the group of trait self-control individuals should be state self-control individuals,the risk decision under immediate feedback is significantly higher than that under delayed feedback,which indicates that the instant feedback makes the individual imperfect in processing information and generates impulsive behavior.In addition,influenced by trait self-control and instant feedback,in risk decision-making,the hot hand Fallacies are more likely to occur,which are influenced by state self-control and instant feedback.Gamblers' falsehoods are more likely to occur in risk decision-making.The innovation of the experiment is to distinguish the trait self-control from the state self-control for the first time on the basis of previous studies,and then to explore and compare the impact of the two on risk decision-making,and to divide the feedback time of the feedback stage,in order to explore the characteristics of risk decision-making of self-control individuals after experiencing different feedback time,risk level and feedback results.