The Impact Of Fear On Risk Decision-making

As a basic emotion of human beings,fear often arises because of unpredictable or uncertain factors around it,which affects people's perception and judgment.For example,when high-altitude workers,astronauts,and special combat airborne forces face unexpected events and soldiers face threats of future high-tech warfare,they will feel abnormal fears and even panic,which will affect individual alertness,thinking ability,judgment and execution control functions,and thus affect people's risk decision-making capabilities and tendencies,resulting in decision-making mistakes that lead to incalculable consequences.Fear is one of the important factors that cause the combat effectiveness of the troops to decline,aviation safety accidents,and loss of people's lives and property.Therefore,researches on fear emotions have gradually become the focus of researchers.However,there is no unified conclusion at home and abroad on the effect of fear on risk decision-making,some researchers believe that fear emotions will lead individuals to more risk aversion in risk decision-making,while some researchers believe that fear will lead to individual risk seeking.At the same time,the research on the psychological mechanism of how fear affecting risk decision-making is even more rare.Based on summarizing and summarizing previous research,this study used an actual high-altitude glass plank to induce fear state which is defined by the individuals'psychological and physiological reactions in the scene to combine of subjective and objective assessment of fear emotions.Risk preference effects of fear emotions on deterministic and uncertain decision-makings are discussed,and a preliminary study is made focusing on the effects of fear emotions on uncertain risk decisions of individuals with high and low self-control.Research purpose:To explore the effectiveness of the fear inducing by the actual experimental scene of the high-altitude glass path.Adopting a scientific and effective task system for assessing decision-making ability,we comprehensively analyzed the influence of fear on risk decision-making,clarifying whether decision-makers can make rational decisions in a fearful situation and their rational decision-making tendency,providing a theoretical basis for reducing decision errors and deviations in the state of fear.Secondly,we aimed to find how individuals with different characteristics dealing with fear and correctly understanding their own state and decision-making changes,providing a reference for avoiding decision-making bias or mistakes confronted with fear as far as possible.Our findings also play a psychological adjustment role in the stress disorder of the military during crisis and play a guiding role in the psychological selection of servicemen.Research methods:1.Try to use the real scene high altitude glass platform to induce fear,the laboratory watching scenery video induced calm.Through subjective reports and salivary cortisol two kinds of psychophysiological indicators,we investigated the induction effect of high altitude glass platform on fear,in order to establish more ecological validity of fear induction paradigm.2.The volunteers were recruited randomly,and the experimental design was self-controlled.The subjects completed the Cambridge gambling task(deterministic risk decision making)and the balloon analogue risk task(uncertain risk decision)in the calm and fearful situations.In order to ensure the compliance of the subjects and create a real benefit loss experience,the subject will be paid according to the final outcomes.The performance of the subjects in two emotional states was compared.3.The self-control scale was used to divide 156 college students into high(the first27%)and low(the last 27%)groups.Compare the difference between the two groups of uncertain risk decisions under calm and fear states.Use 2(high and low control group)×2(fear and calm)experimental design to explore the regulation effect of self-control characteristics in risk decision-making under fear situation..Research result:1.Fear of viewing the scene video report on the high altitude glass platform and the laboratory had statistical significance(?~2=110.639 p(27)0.001),including self-report(?~2=110.639,p(27)0.001)and concentration of saliva cortisol(t=4.721,p<0.001,Cohen's d=0.466).2.Compared with neutral state,BART value in fear state is lower than that in watching scenery segment.Under fear state subjects overestimated the risk of uncertain decision making and decreased behavioral impulsivity(mean value=11.3722<12.996,p=0.013 Cohen's d=0.431).In the Cambridge gambling task,the subjects in the high altitude glass platform showed that the decision time was shorter than the calm state(mean value=2.456<2.8118 p(27)0.05 Cohen's d=0.302).The mean of each bet(risk index)is higher than that in a calm state(mean value=0.497<0.4330 p(27)0.05 Cohen's d=0.376).3.In balloon analogue risk task,interaction between gender and emotion was not statistically significant(F=2.391 p(29)0.05),the main effect of gender was not significant(F=2.538 p(29)0.05),the mood has significant main effect(F=2.538 p(29)0.05);in the Cambridge gambling task,interaction between gender and emotion was not statistically significant(F=0.694 p(29)0.05),main effect emotion and gender were significant(F=5.289p(27)0.05;F=5.615 p(27)0.05)..4.The main effects of high or low self-control(F=4.06,P=0.047)and calm or fear situation(F=7.40,P=0.008)were both significant.The interaction of the two factors was significant(F=6.21,P=0.015).Comparison between groups:in calm situation,participants in low self-control group were significantly more impulsive in uncertain risk decision-making task than these in high self-control group(t=3.11,P<0.01),in fear situation there was no significant difference between the two groups(t=0.12,P>0.01).Intra group comparison found that the low self-control group was significantly less conservative than the calm group in the fear situation(t=3.17,P<0.01),and the difference in high self-control group between two situations was not significant(t=0.14,P>0.05).Research Conclusion:1.The high-altitude glass path scene can effectively induce fear,it's an effective fear induced model.2.In probabilistic uncertain risk decision-making,there is no difference in decision making between the sexes,but in the risk decision making with probability,there is a significant difference in risk tendency between men and women.3.Based on the intra-group comparisons,the fear scene can significantly reduce the impulse of the participants in the decision-making of uncertain probability risk,showing risk aversion;and increase the probability index of risk determination risk determination,showing risk seeking.4.When faced with uncertain risk decisions in a fear situation,subjects tend to avoid risks.High self-control individuals are far less affected by fear in uncertain risk decision-making than low self-control individuals.