Chinese Ming And Qing Period And Korea In The Late Realist Portraits Comparative Study

This essay gives a through analysis of the comparison in a feature of each realistic painting techniques and a difference of represented human form betw een Chinese traditional realistic portraits at the end of the Ming Dynasty and t he beginning the Qing Dynasty and Korean traditional realistic portraits at the end of the Joseon Dynasty.The main period of realistic painting technique development happened in China earlier than in Korea.A main purpose to produce a private portrait in China and Korea was to perform a religion function in memory of their own ancients.In China painting a private portrait was widely popular from the Royal to the Commons,in any type of social levels.However,in Korea,because of the Confucianism performing as a social,political concept an overall Chose n Dynasty period in Korea,painting portrait was only for religious reason an d most of these were for the Royal and the ruling classes in the late 17^th century and 18th century.A triangle composition in the middle of a canvas is a common feature of traditional portraits in China and Korea.An invisible triangle constituted by the model's part of body give 'be settling,well- balanced,more flexible' visual effects in a portrait canvas.It is also the most suitable position for representing one's inner character,(called as "jing-shen" in Chinese art theory) so already adopted by earlier court portrait artists in China and at last,this kind of composition became the archetype of a portrait composition in ancient China and Korea.Verisimilitude of portrait is mainly condensed into painted human face.The five sense organs,such as eyes,a nose,a mouth,ears and eyebrows,skin condition and mimische Muskeln(muscles for making facial expressions), established as the main point of observation of painted face for this analysis, reached to results in a difference of these two different countries' realistic techniques begun from a difference of observation point.Most of Chinese portrait,head to front,irrespective of skills have been developed in process of time.For instance,a skeletal structure were able to show typical personality and the movement of mouth muscles for a near smile accurately described as almost close to the human anatomy.A theory of the art of portrait and a combination Chinese and Western painting skill for three-dimensional effect are important elements for basis.For Korean portraits,most of them are to leftward half side view,is for atypical work process that takes a long time observation before beginning to drawn vividly.It become describing a person in as stronger documentary style,as Korean portrait artists did not omit any symptoms of skin aging, but being faithful to draw objective truth found through a long time observat ion. As time goes by,in Korean portrait,more concrete and more natural techniques also gradually improved by describing the five sense organs and draws expression muscles such as musculus frontail and musculus depress glabella.Realistic skill development in Korea in 17c and 18c would be related to contact with Chinese Portrait art through foreign trade.However, more important this is,The social belief change into a more realistic point of view,and this also comprehensively worked for helping the build of realistic painting skill by these inner and outer causes,Korean realistic paintings were able to meet a golden day.