A Brief Analysis Of The Main Features Of The Feudal Patriarchal Rule Of Ma Pu-fang Family

From the late Qing Dynasty to the eve of liberation, Qinghai was ruled by Ma Bufang family which is a feudal and military group in a period of up to forty years. Ma Bufang family is a typical feudal Hui clan. The basic link to maintain the family is their religious sense in the ideology and the traditional patriarchal relations of the families' principles of Chinese feudal families. Patriarchal clan system is especially important in its internal structure and the ruling way. It is a meaningful subject that the main features of Ma Bufang families' feudal patriarchal rule in the modern North-west social history. Through an analysis of this question, we can strengthen the study on Ma Bufang families' history. They are Hui warlords. Therefore, their special status and religious belief can reflect the ethnic relations of Qinghai region.On the basis of drawing lessons from others' research results, thistext expounds five features——the social basis, principles of personnel,management practices, the relationship with the Central Government and the role of the armed forces.The first part has briefly combed the coexistence of a variety of economic structure, administrative system and ideology in Qinghai. Qinghai Province is located in the northwest frontier. The agriculture and animal husbandry is prevailing in the economic field. On this basis the establishment of the political structure is very simple and extensive. Broadly speaking, Hehuang area, the eastern part of Qinghai province, has a similar administrative structure to the mainland. In the majority of the southern and western pastoral areas, Mengqi policy and Qianbaihu policy is run respectively. Some tribes and areas prevails integration of religion and politics. Multiple standards including the "home-world" ideology, religious consciousness and the group's creed are popular in the social ideological field.Ma Bufang family's rule is feudal and cliquish so the deployment ofemployees is based on the only principle——employing relatives andfriends. Except for the maintenance of the hereditary of direct line of descent, collateral relatives on the basis of the degree of kinship to the proximity of blood were given key positions in varying degrees. This leads to "three sameness" trend: the same family, the same region and the same religion. The second part has a very detailed account of this feature. In addition, the feudal patriarchal relations in the principle of employment also highlight the relationship by marriage and private groups trained by Ma Bufang families. The main representative of private groups is the Kunlun School.Provincial government personnel management and administration is characterized by a prominent use of "vertical rule of law." This approach is in fact the supreme ruler of the personal dictatorship and the direct management of an effective combination to highlight the private nature of a unified advocacy. The third part deeply analyses advantages of "vertical rule of law". This is also the focus of this article and innovation.The fourth section describes Ma Bufang families' relationship with the Central Government during different periods. Depending on the central government, Ma Bufang family maintains a relatively independent. It is a loose coalition of political relations. Whether during the Northern Warlords period, the National Army period, the Anti-Japanese War or the War of Liberation, Ma Bufang family has always existed between the control and anti-control, infiltration and anti-infiltration of the interests of the struggle with the Central Government. Their ultimate goal is to ensure their own families' separatism in Qinghai.The fifth part discusses the importance of the military for Ma Bufang family. The army is a pillar and cornerstone to maintain the rule of the feudal patriarchal clan system. From Ma Haiyan to Ma Bufang, the military of Qinghai is basically controlled by Ma Bufang family. "Military first" is the credo of the Muslim soldiers. Their principles are to defend their hometown and sacrifice their lives. Therefore, a military bloc was built, which is maintained by patriarchal feudal system.