"unexpected State" The Adverb Research,

Modality Adverbs differ greatly from other adverbs. They have distinct individual characters in grammatical meaning, semantic direction , pragmatics,text and so on . The data in the paper are the words which have the meaning of"unexpected". On the basis of the structuralism's theory, we use the methodology of grammaticalization, meta- lanugage and subjectivisation, we study their sentence structures, semantics, pragmatics and their grammaticalization. The paper are mainly discussed in six parts:The first part is the introduction. The introduction gives a definition of"unexpected", divides the"unexpected"mood adverbs into two sub-categories, which are presented by"Jingran"and"Pianpian". Also, we generalizes many scholars'research on the status , explain the method of study, the basic idea and the source of the linguistics material.The second part describes and analyzes the syntactic distribution and Syntactic environment. We study it from three aspect: before the sentences and between the sentences, statements and modification,sentence type and sentence. By the study, we found their syntactic position are flexible:before the sentences and between the sentences, then we study the distribution choice of"Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected+VP",then we found that they are mainly used for declarative sentences, they can used for interrogative sentences and exclamatory sentences, but they cannot used for imperative sentences. The syntactic environment of Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected"are not only single sentence,but also complex sentence, even the chapter. It can also used in the sentence of"shi".The third part study the co-occurrence coordination and collocation mode of"Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected"with other words .we study them from three parts: highlight the front, collocation of the same category, combination and co-occurrence, we carefully study the Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected"collocation with other adverbs,other modality adverbs and the constraints, also, we study thecollocation andco-occurrence of the Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected".The fourth part we study the semantic feature and expressive function of"Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected". first we study the surface semantic features,semantic background and semantic attributes of"Yiwai"category and"Pianpian"category, then we discuss theirs pragmatic function, last we discuss the relation of"Modality Adverbs denoting"Unexpected"with meta-lanugage and subjectivisation.Chapter five mainly researches personality feature and application differences. We compare"Jingran"and"Juran"from three aspect: semantic focus, Language source analysis and Pragmatic orientation. Also ,we interpret the problem from the diachronic level;then we compare"Pian"with"Pianpian"in three apect: syntactic function, semantic function and pragmatic effects.The end part is the conclusion. In this part ,we look back on some main ideas in the paper, and point out the deficiency of this thesis.