The Subjectivity And Subjectivisation Of “X Yeshi(de)” In The Spoken Language

The component "X Yeshi(de)" in spoken Chinese language could generally express three kinds of semantics in communication: similarity,euphemism and affirmation.This paper divides "X Yeshi(de)" into S1 structure,which expresses similarity,S2 structure,which expresses euphemism and blame,and S3 structure,which expresses affirmation,and analyses these three structures from the three planes of syntactic,semantic and pragmatic studies.By examining the process of grammaticalization of "Yeshi" and the internal motivation mechanism of its occurrence,the subjectivisation process of "X Yeshi(de)" is examined.In the syntactic structure,the "X" in the spoken component "X Yeshi(de)" cannot be omitted.In the S1 structure and S2 structure,"X" is usually a definite article,and in the S2 structure,it refers to a person;in the S3 structure,it is "Dao,Ke,Na,Shuode,Zhehua",etc.The intonation "de" in "X Yeshi(de)" only serves to strengthen the intonation,and its presence does not affect the meaning of the sentence.Semantically,the S1 structure is euphemistic,with the adverb "Yeshi" and the verb "Shi" forming the phrase "Yeshi1";the S2 structure is euphemistic in the sense of reproach,with the adverb "Ye" is a euphemism or euphemism and euphemism,and the internal component "Shi" is attached to "Ye" with no real meaning,forming the topic marker "Yeshi2 ".The S3 structure is affirmative,with the euphemism "Ye" and the adjective "Shi" forming the discourse marker "Yeshi3 ".In terms of chapter structure,the S1 structure is generally "Z,X Yeshi(de),(Y)",with Y being omitted;the S2 and S3 structures are generally "(Z),X Yeshi(de),Y",with Z and Y being implied according to the linguistic context.In terms of discourse function,the S1 and S3 structures basically have the function of carrying on and continuing,while the S2 structure has the function of expanding,continuing and changing the topic.In terms of discourse function,the S1 structure has a judgement function,the S2 structure has a blame function,and the S3 structure has a recognition and explanation function.In terms of grammaticalization,the topic marker "Yeshi2 ",which is a euphemism for blame,undergoes a chronological development in which the phrase "Yeshi1 " is lexicalised into the tone adverb "Yeshi " and then further deflated.and the co-evolution of the homonymous phrase "Yeshi1 ",which absorbs the meaning of contextual blame and deflates it.In addition,the use of the adverb ’also’ and the adjective ’is’ in conjunction with the affirmative has been solidified and deflated into the discourse marker "Yeshi3 ".The pragmatic principle,subjectivisation and reciprocal subjectivisation are the motivating factors for the grammaticalization of "Yeshi ",and the mechanisms of pragmatic reasoning and contextual absorption and repetition are the generative mechanisms for the grammaticalization of "Yeshi ",making "X Yeshi(de)".The semantic subjectivity of the expression "X Yeshi(de)" has become increasingly strong.